Abdul-Khaleq, A. (2020). Arab Checklist of the Big Five Personality Factors Manual. The Anglo Egyptian Bookshop.
Arna’out, M. E. (2013). Youth and Addiction: The Problem and Solution. Sound House for Publication and distribution.
Fayed, H. A. (2010). Addiction Psychology. Al-Zahraa House for Publication.
National Council for Addiction Control and Treatment (2018). A Social Worker’s Guide to Drug Abuse Prevention within School. The Author.
Raslan, S. (2015). Youth and Risk for Addiction. Ghareeb House for Publication.
Salem, Z. (2007). Adolescents on Truth Chair. Alam El Kotob House for Publication.
Sweif, M. (2004). Psychology of Our Social Life Series. Al Marefeya Al Lebabya House for Publication.
ثالثا: المراجع الأجنبية
Abol, M. S., Mamdouh, R., El Mekawy, S., & El Sheikh, S. (2019). Psychiatric and social profile of recovering substance-dependent women. Egyptian Journal of Psychiatry, 40(2), 64.
American Psyciatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, (5th edition).Washington, DC: Author.
Brodey, B. B., McMullin, D., Kaminer, Y., Winters, K. C., Mosshart, E., Rosen, C. S., & Brodey, I. S. (2008). Psychometric characteristics of the teen addiction severity index-two (T-ASI-2). Substance abuse, 29(2), 19-32.
Díaz, R., Castro-Fornieles, J., Serrano, L., González, L., Calvo, R., Goti, J., ... & Gual, A. (2008). Clinical and research utility of spanish teen-addiction severity index (t-asi). Addictive behaviors, 33(1), 188-195.
Ersche, K. D., Clark, L., London, M., Robbins, T. W., & Sahakian, B. J. (2006). profile of executive and memory function associated with amphetamine and opiate dependence. Neuropsychopharmacology, 31(5), 1036- 1047.
Fernández-Montalvo, J., López-Goñi, J. J., & Arteaga, A. (2012). Violent behaviors in drug addiction: differential profiles of drug-addicted patients with and without violence problems. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 27(1), 142-157.
Government of Canada. (2014). Talking with Teenagers about Druges. Canada. The Minister of Health.
Graña, J. L., Muñoz, J. J., & Navas, E. (2009). Normal and pathological personality characteristics in subtypes of drug addicts undergoing treatment. Personality and Individual Differences, 46(4), 418-423.
Grahn, R., & Padyab, M. (2020). The predictability of the Addiction Severity Index criminal justice assessment instrument and future imprisonment: A Swedish registry study with a national sample of adults with risky substance use. Drug and alcohol dependence, 217, 1.
Habersaat, S., Ramain, J., Mantzouranis, G., Palix, J., Boonmann, C., Fegert, J. M., & Urben, S. (2018). Substance-use disorders, personality traits, and sex differences in institutionalized adolescents. The American journal of drug and alcohol abuse, 44(6), 686-694.
Hubicka, B., Laurell, H., & Bergman, H. (2010). Psychosocial characteristics of drunk drivers assessed by the Addiction Severity Index, prediction of relapse. Scandinavian journal of public health, 38(1), 71-77.
Jemberie, W. B., Padyab, M., Snellman, F., & Lundgren, L. (2020). A Multidimensional Latent Class Analysis of Harmful Alcohol Use Among Older Adults: Subtypes Within the Swedish Addiction Severity Index Registry. Journal of addiction medicine, 14(4), e89-e99.
Kuo, P. H., Yang, H. J., Soong, W. T., & Chen, W. J. (2002). Substance use among adolescents in Taiwan: associated personality traits, incompetence, and behavioral/emotional problems. Drug and alcohol dependence, 67(1), 27-39.
Kwon, M., Yang, S., Park, K., & Kim, D. J. (2013). Factors that affect substance users’ suicidal behavior: a view from the Addiction Severity Index in Korea. Annals of general psychiatry, 12(1), 1-7.
Llorens, N., Palmer, A., & Perelló, M. J. (2005). Características de personalidad en adolescentes como predictores de la conducta de consumo de sustancias psicoactivas [Characteristic of personality in adolescents as predictors of psicoactive drugs use]. Trastornos Adictivos, 7, 44- 50.
Lubman, D.., Yucel, M., & Lawrence, A. (2008). Inhalant abuse among adolescents: Neurobiological considerations. British Journal of Pharmacology, 154, 316-326.
Loranger, A. W., Janca, A., & Sartorius, N. (Eds.). (1997). Assessment and diagnosis of personality disorders: The ICD-10 international personality disorder examination (IPDE). Cambridge University Press.
McNeely, C., & Blanchard, J. (2010). The teen years explained: A guide to healthy adolescent development. Jayne Blanchard.
Ogai, Y., Senoo, E., Gardner, F. C., Haraguchi, A., Saito, T., Morita, N., & Ikeda, K. (2015). Association between Experience of child abuse and severity of drug addiction measured by the addiction severity index among Japanese drug-dependent patients. International journal of environmental research and public health, 12(3), 2781-2792.
Padyab, M., Armelius, B. Å., Armelius, K., Nyström, S., Blom, B., Grönlund, A. S., & Lundgren, L. (2018). Is clinical assessment of addiction severity of individuals with substance use disorder, using the Addiction Severity Index, a predictor of future inpatient mental health hospitalization? A nine-year registry study. Journal of dual diagnosis, 14(3), 187-191.
Pope Jr, H. G., Gruber, A. J., Hudson, J. I., Cohane, G., Huestis, M. A., & Yurgelun-Todd, D. (2003). Early-onset cannabis use and cognitive deficits: what is the nature of the association?. Drug and alcohol dependence, 69(3), 303-310.
Reckers-Droog, V., Goorden, M., Kaminer, Y., van Domburgh, L., Brouwer, W., & Hakkaart-van Roijen, L. (2020). Presentation and validation of the Abbreviated Self Completion Teen-Addiction Severity Index (ASC T-ASI): A preference-based measure for use in health-economic evaluations. PloS one, 15(9), e0238858.
Simoneau, H., & Brochu, S. (2017). Addiction severity index profile of persons who reenter treatment for substance use disorders. Substance abuse, 38(4), 432-437.
Taghizadeh Moghaddam, H., Bahreini, A., Ajilian Abbasi, M., Fazli, F., & Saeidi, M. (2016).Adolescence Health: the needs, problems and attention. International Journal of Pediatrics, 4(2), 1423-1438.
Volkow, N. D. (2014). Drugs, brains, and behavior: The science of addiction. National Institute on Drug Abuse.
Watanabe, T., Ogai, Y., Koga, T., Senoo, E., Nakamura, K., Mori, N., & Ikeda, K. (2009). Assessment of Japanese Stimulant Control Law Offenders Using the Addiction Severity Index—Japanese Version: Comparison with Patients in Treatment Settings. International journal of environmental research and public health, 6(12), 3056-3069.
West, R. (2013). EMCDDA Insights: Models of addiction. Publications Office of the European Union. Luxemburg. E.mail/ RedaHassanein.el20@azhar.edu.eg