The effectiveness of a counseling program based on realistic theory in reducing psychological distress among Jordanian secondary school students in Hafar Al-Batin, Saudi Arabia

Al-Qadi, Hussam Ibrahim Abdul Rahman; Arabiyat, Ahmed Abdul Haleem

doi:10.21608/jsrep.2023.335229

The effectiveness of a counseling program based on realistic theory in reducing psychological distress among Jordanian secondary school students in Hafar Al-Batin, Saudi Arabia

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

Department of Guidance and Special Education - Faculty of Educational Sciences - Mu'tah University, Jordan.

10.21608/jsrep.2023.335229

Abstract

This study aimed to identify the effectiveness of a counseling program based on realist theory in reducing psychological loneliness among Jordanian expatriate secondary school students in Hafar Al-Batin Governorate in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. To achieve the objectives of the study, a measure of psychological loneliness was developed, and the psychometric properties of the scale were verified in terms of validity and reliability. The scale was distributed to a sample of (24) secondary school students in Hafr Al-Batin, and after analyzing the data, the results concluded that the level of psychological loneliness among Jordanian expatriate secondary school students in Hafr Al-Batin Governorate was average in general. The results showed that there were statistically significant differences at the significance level (α = 0.05) between the average scores of the experimental and control groups on the psychological loneliness scale in the post-application in favor of the experimental group. The results showed that there were no statistically significant differences at the significance level (α = 0.05) between the average scores. The members of the experimental group on the psychological loneliness scale between the post and follow-up applications, where the value of the t-test for the total score was (0.743), which indicates that the training effect of the counseling program remains in reducing psychological loneliness among secondary school students in Hafr Al-Batin Governorate, which means that the program Guidance based on realistic theory has proven effective in maintaining the effect of training among secondary school students.

Keywords

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