Developing Al-Azhar University in the light of some Global University Rankings criteria "A proposed strategy"

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

قسم الإدارة والتخطيط والدراسات المقارنة، كلية التربية، جامعة الأزهر.

Abstract

The research aims at presenting a proposed strategy for the development of Al-Azhar University according to some Global University Rankings criteria, and to achieve this goal, the research uses the descriptive approach, with the use of the SWOT analysis method, The research uses the questionnaire for evaluating the impact of environmental analysis elements on Al-Azhar University, which was applied to a sample of (367) faculty members at Al-Azhar University. The results of the research show that the impact degree of the elements of the internal environment on Al-Azhar University comes at a medium level, whereas the arithmetic average of the total strengths is (2.02), whereas the arithmetic average of the total weaknesses is (2.23), and that the impact degree of elements of the external environment on Al-Azhar University comes at a medium level, whereas the arithmetic average of the total available opportunities is (2.20), while the arithmetic average of the total potential threats is (2.18), According to The SWOT analysis matrix, formulated from the elements of strength, weakness, opportunities and threats, it could be built four strategic alternatives. According to the balance among these alternatives, through the relative weight of each of the two sides of each of the four alternatives, it could conclude that the strategy of weakness/opportunities (WO) is the most likely strategy, as a result, research presents a proposed strategy to overcome the weaknesses of the university to take advantage of the opportunities in its external environment.

Keywords


A.R.E., Central Agency for Public Mobilization and Statistics (2021): Annual Bulletin: Registered Students - Faculty Members of Higher Education (2020/2021), Central Agency for Public Mobilization and Statistics, Cairo.
A.R.E., Central Agency for Public Mobilization and Statistics (2021): Annual Bulletin: Delegates abroad for scientific missions in 2020 (Ministry of Higher Education), Central Agency for Public Mobilization and Statistics, Cairo.
Abdel Motajali, Mohammad Ali Mohammad (2021): A proposed strategy for the research partnership at Al-Azhar University in light of the experiences of some foreign universities, Ph.D., Faculty of Education, Al-Azhar University.
Abdel-Hay, Asmaa Abdel-Hadi Ibrahim (2014): Factors of Low Positions of Arab Universities in International Rankings of Universities and Ways to Upgrade Them, The Eighteenth Annual National Conference: Developing the Performance System in Arab Universities in Light of Contemporary Global Changes, University Education Development Center, University of Ain Shams.
Abdul Qadir, Maha Muhammad Ahmed (2016): The Internationalization of Al-Azhar University Education in the Light of the Knowledge-Based Economy from the Point of View of Faculty Members, King Khalid University Journal of Educational Sciences, College of Education, King Khalid University, Vol(3), No (1).
Ahmed, Siham Yassin and Tohamy, Juma Saeed (2012): An evaluation study of the reality of the ranking of Egyptian universities in the light of international rankings standards for universities, The Future of Arab Education Journal, Vol. (19), No. (81).
Al-Azhar University, Information and Documentation Center, Information and Statistics Department (2021): Total Annual Statistical Bulletin 2020/2021, Information and Statistics Department, Information and Documentation Center.
Al-Kasbani, Muhammad Al-Sayed Ali (2012): Educational Research between Theory and Practice, Dar Al-Fikr Al-Arabi, Cairo.
Al-Najjar, Radi Muhammad Ibrahim (2017): Attitudes of faculty members at Al-Azhar University towards the application of credit hours, M.A., Faculty of Education, Al-Azhar University.
ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ (2021): A suggested vision for Al-Azhar University’s orientation towards research universities in the light of recent trends, Ph.D., Faculty of Education, Al-Azhar University.
ثانيًا: المراجع الأجنبية.
Abreu Pederzini, G. D. (2018). Neoliberal Awakenings: A Case Study of University Leaders’ Competitive Advantage Sensemaking, Higher Education Policy, Vol.(31), No.(3).
Alsharif, F. (2020). Kuwait university ranking in the light of the international universities ranking standards: an analytical evaluation study. Journal of Educational Studies32(3), 627-648.
Asher, A., & Savino, M. (2007). A Global Survey of Rankings and League Tables, College and University Ranking Systems Global Perspectives and American Challenges, Institute for Higher Education Policy (editor).
Billaut, J. C., Bouyssou, D., & Vincke, P. (2010). Should you believe in the Shanghai ranking? An MCDM view. Scientometrics84(1).
Buela-Casal, G., Gutiérrez-Martínez, O., Bermúdez-Sánchez, M. P., & Vadillo-Muñoz, O. (2007). Comparative study of international academic rankings of universities. Scientometrics71, 349-365.
Carroll, D. (2014). An investigation of the relationship between university rankings and graduate starting wages. Journal of Institutional Research19(1), 46-54.
Çokgezen, M. (2014). Determinants of university choice: A study on economics departments in Turkey. Yüksekögretim Dergisi4(1).
Dembereldorj, Z. (2018). Review on the Impact of World Higher Education Rankings Institutional Competitive Competence and Institutional Competence, International Journal of Higher Education Vol.(7), No.(3).
El Nopy, Mohamed Aly (2018) QS World University Rankings, المجلة الدولية للعلوم التربوية والنفسية، المؤسسة العربية للبحث العلمي والتنمية البشرية، ع.(15).
Espinosa, L. L., Crandall, J. R., & Tukibayeva, M. (2014). Rankings, institutional behavior, and college and university choice: Framing the national dialogue on Obama’s ratings plan. Washington, DC: American Council on Education.
Hazelkorn, E. (2007). The impact of league tables and ranking systems on higher education decision making. Higher education management and policy19(2).
ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ. (2008). Learning to live with league tables and ranking: The experience of institutional leaders. Higher Education Policy21.
ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ. (2013). World-class universities or world-class systems? Rankings and higher education policy choices. Rankings and accountability in higher education: Uses and misuses, 71-94.
ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ. (2014). The Effects of Rankings on Student Choices and Institutional Selection. In B. Jongbloed & H. Vossensteyn (eds) Access and Expansion Post-Massification: Opportunities and Barriers to Further Growth in Higher Education Participation. London, Routledge.
ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ. (2014). Reflections on a Decade of G lobal Rankings: what we've learned and outstanding issues. European journal of education49(1).
Helms, M. M., & Nixon, J. (2010). Exploring SWOT analysis–where are we now? A review of academic research from the last decade. Journal of strategy and management, 3(3).
Hou, Y. W., & Jacob, W. J. (2017). What contributes more to the ranking of higher education institutions? A comparison of three world university rankings. International Education Journal: Comparative Perspectives16(4), 29-46.
Jarocka, M. (2012). University ranking systems–from league table to homogeneous groups of universities. International Journal of Educational and Pedagogical Sciences, Vol.(6), No.(6).
Kehm, B. M. (2014). Global university rankings—Impacts and unintended side effects. European Journal of Education49(1).
Liu, N. C., & Cheng, Y. (2007). Academic ranking of World universities: Methodologies and problems. The World‐Class University and ranking: Aiming Beyond Status, UNESCO-CEPES, Presa Universitara Clujeana.
Milla, J. (2012). University quality and labor market outcomes of Canadian youth. Department of Economics and Finance, College of Management and Economics, University of Guelph.
Muñoz-Suárez, M., Guadalajara, N., & Osca, J. M. (2020). A comparative analysis between global university rankings and environmental sustainability of universities. Sustainability12(14), 5759.
O’Connell, C., & Saunders, M. (2013). Mediating the use of global university rankings: Perspectives from education facilitators in an international context. Journal of Studies in International Education17(4), 354-376.
Pavel, A. P. (2015). Global university rankings-a comparative analysis. Procedia economics and finance, 26.
Rauhvargers, A. (2011). Global university rankings and their impact (p. 85). Brussels: European University Association.
Salmi, J., & Saroyan, A. (2007). League tables as policy instruments: Uses and misuses. Higher education management and policy19(2),
Shehatta, I., & Mahmood, K. (2016). Correlation among top 100 universities in the major six global rankings: policy implications. Scientometrics, 109, 1231-1254.
Sidorenko, T., & Gorbatova, T. (2015). Efficiency of Russian education through the scale of World University Rankings. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 166.
Soh, K. C., & Ho, K. K. (2014). A tale of two cities’ university rankings: Comparing Hong Kong and Singapore. Higher Education68, 773-787.
Thakur, M. (2007). The impact of ranking systems on higher education and its stakeholders. Journal of Institutional Research, 13(1), 83-96.
Usher, A., & Savino, M. (2006). A World of Difference: A Global Survey of University League Tables. Canadian Education Report Series. Online Submission.
Valmorbida, S. M. I., Ensslin, S. R., & Ensslin, L. (2016). World University Rankings: What They Say International Studies?. REICE, 14(2).
Van Dyke, N. (2005). Twenty years of university report cards. Higher Education in Europe30(2), 103-125.
المواقع الإلكترونية
جامعة الأزهر، مكتب التميز الدولي، الرؤية والرسالة، متاح على: http://www.azhar.edu.eg/ExcellenceOffice  بتاريخ 24/3/2023م.
SHANGHAI RANKING, 2022 Academic Ranking of World Universities, Available on http://www.shanghairanking.com/rankings/arwu/2022 accessed on 3/17/2023.
Times Higher Education, Rankings, World University Rankings, Available on https://www.timeshighereducation.com/world-university-rankings/2023/world-ranking accessed on 3/17/2023.
QS TOPUNIVERSITIES, QS World University Rankings 2023: Top global universities, https://www.topuniversities.com/university-rankings/world-university-rankings/2023?qs_qp=topnav accessed on 3/17/2023.
Ranking Web of Universities, Available on https://www.webometrics.info/en/Africa accessed on 3/17/2023.
QS TOPUNIVERSITIES, about us, Available on: https://www.topuniversities.com/about-qs accessed on 3/18/2023
Ranking Web of Universities, Methodology, Available on https://www.webometrics.info/en/Methodology  was accessed on 3/18/2023
Times Higher Education, rankings, About THE's rankings, Available on: https://www.timeshighereducation.com/world-university-rankings/about-the-times-higher-education-world-university-rankings accessed on 3/18/2023
Times Higher Education, rankings, World University Rankings 2023: methodology, Available on: https://www.timeshighereducation.com/world-university-rankings/world-university-rankings-2023-methodology accessed on 3/18/2023.
UI GreenMetric World University Rankings: Background of The Ranking, Available: https://greenmetric.ui.ac.id/about/welcome Accessed on 3/18/2023.
UI GreenMetric World University Rankings, About, Methodology, https://greenmetric.ui.ac.id/about/methodology Accessed on 3/18/2023.
U.S. News, Education, How U.S. News Calculated the 2022-2023 Best Global Universities Rankings, Available at: https://www.usnews.com/education/best-global-universities/articles/methodology Accessed on 3/18/2023.
U-Multirank, About, U-Multirank Project, Available at: https://www.umultirank.org/about/u-multirank/the-project/ Accessed on 3/18/2023.
CHE Centre for Higher Education, U-Multirank veröffentlicht weltweites Hochschulranking: https://www.che.de/2018/u-multirank-veroeffentlicht-weltweites-hochschulranking/ Accessed on 3/18/2023.