Features of physician preparation in the Islamic educational heritage

Second: Hadith Books:                                      

Ibn Hanbal, Abu Abdullah Ahmed bin Muhammad (2001): Musnad of Imam Ahmad, edited by: Shuaib Al-Arnaout, Adel Murshid, Dar Al-Resalah, Beirut, Lebanon.

Ibn Majah, Abu Abdullah Muhammad bin Yazid Al-Qazwini (1417 AH): Sunan Ibn Majah, edited by: Muhammad Fouad Abdul Baqi, Dar Revival of Arabic Books, Beirut, Lebanon.

Al-Bukhari, Abu Abdullah Muhammad bin Ismail (1998): Sahih Al-Bukhari, edited by: Muhammad Zuhair bin Nasser Al-Nasser, Dar Tuq Al-Najat, Beirut, Lebanon.

Al-Sijistani, Abu Dawood Suleiman bin Al-Ash'ath bin Ishaq (1993 AD): Sunan Abi Dawood, edited by: Muhammad Muhyi Al-Din Abdul Hamid, Al-Asriya Library, Beirut, Lebanon.

Al-Qushayri, Muslim bin Al-Hajjaj Abu Al-Hussein Al-Nisaburi (1954 AD): Sahih Muslim, edited by: Muhammad Fouad Abdel-Baqi, House of Revival of Arab Heritage, Beirut, Lebanon.

Al-Manawi, Zain al-Din Muhammad Abd al-Raouf ibn Taj al-Arefin al-Qahiri (1356 AH): Fayd al-Qadeer Sharh al-Jami' al-Saghir, Great Commercial Library, Cairo, Egypt.           

Third: Books of Interpretations:

Al-Qurtubi, Abu Abdullah Muhammad bin Ahmed Shams Al-Din (1964 AD): The Collector of the Provisions of the Qur'an (Tafsir Al-Qurtubi), investigated by: Ahmed Al-Bardouni and Ibrahim Atfaish, (2nd Edition), Dar Al-Kutub Al-Masriya, Cairo, Egypt.

Fourth: Language Dictionaries:

Ibn Manzur, Muhammad bin Makram bin Ali Abu Al-Fadl (1993 AD): Lisan Al-Arab, 3rd Edition, Dar Sader, Beirut, Lebanon.

Fifth: Scientific Books:

Ibn Abi Asibaa, Muwaffaq al-Din ibn Abi al-Abbas (1996): Oyoun al-Anba fi Tabaqat al-Tabib, edited by Amer al-Najjar, Dar al-Maaref, Cairo, Egypt.               

Ibn Habib, Abu al-Hasan Ali bin Muhammad al-Basri al-Mawardi al-Baghdadi (1986): Literature of the world and religion, Al-Hayat Library House, Beirut, Lebanon.                

Ibn Sina, Al-Hussein bin Ali (1999): Law in Medicine, Dar Al-Kutub Al-Ilmiyya, Beirut.                

Ibn Hisham, Jamal Al-Din Abdul Malik bin Ayyub (1955 AD): Biography of the Prophet Ibn Hisham, investigated by: Mustafa Al-Saqqa, Ibrahim Al-Abyari and Abdul Hafeez Al-Shalabi, 2nd Edition, Mustafa Al-Babi Al-Halabi Press, Egypt.

Al-Bayhaqi, Zahir al-Din (1946 AD): History of the Wise Men of Islam, edited by: Muhammad Kurd Ali, Al-Taraqqi Press, Damascus.                

Al-Tohamy, Amr Ali and others: Medical Ethics and Legal Responsibility of Physicians, Department of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine in Cairo, Al-Azhar University.                

Al-Jawadi, Mohammed (2015): Horizons of Islamic Medicine: A Scientific Vision and Philosophical History, Dar Al-Kalima for Publishing and Distribution, Cairo.

Al-Gayar, Sayed Ibrahim (1998): Studies in the History of Educational Thought, Dar Gharib for Printing and Publishing, Cairo.

Al-Razi, Abu Bakr Muhammad bin Zakaria (1982): Philosophical Messages, Dar Al-Afaq Al-Jadeeda, Beirut, Lebanon.

-------------- (1977 AD): Ethics of the Doctor, investigated by Abdul Latif Muhammad Al-Abd, Dar Al-Turath, Cairo, Egypt.

-------------- (2002): Al-Hawi in Medicine, Part 7, edited by: Haitham Khalifa Al-Tuaimi, House of Revival of Arab Heritage, Beirut.                

Al-Zarnouji, Burhan Al-Islam (1981): Teaching the Learner the Way of Learning, edited by: Marwan Kabbani, Islamic Office, Beirut.                                  

Al-Samarrai, Kamal (1981): Education of Medicine in Islamic Times, Research and Proceedings of the First World Conference on Medicine, Ministry of Public Health and National Council for Culture, Arts and Letters, Kuwait.                

Al-Sibai, Zuhair Ahmed, Al-Bar, Muhammad Ali (1993): The Doctor Literature and Jurisprudence, Dar Al-Qalam for Printing, Publishing and Distribution, Damascus, Syria.

Al-Shawk, Menem (2018): Principles of Medical Ethics for Medical Students, Dar Al-Sadiq Cultural Foundation, University of Babylon, Iraq.

Al-Sheikh, Mahmoud Youssef (2013): Research Methods in Islamic Education, Dar Al-Fikr Al-Arabi, Cairo, Egypt.

Al-Amili, Jafar Murtaza (1303 AH): Medical Etiquette in Islam, Islamic Publishing Foundation, Iran.

Al-Ghazali, Abu Hamid Mohammed (2009): Revival of Religious Sciences, Dar Al-Maarifa, Beirut, Lebanon.                

Al-Farabi, (1968 AD): Statistics of Science, investigated by: Othman Amin, 3rd Edition, Anglo-Egyptian Library, Cairo.

Al-Qatari, Mohamed Ibrahim (1985): Islamic Universities and their Role in the Process of Educational Thought, Dar Al-Fikr Al-Arabi, Cairo, Egypt.

Al-Qafti, Jamal Al-Din Abu Al-Hassan Ali bin Youssef (2005 AD): Akhbar Al-Ulama Bi Al-Khayyat Al-Hakima, edited by: Ibrahim Shams Al-Din, Dar Al-Kutub Al-Ilmiyya, Beirut.                

Al-Majusi, Ali bin Al-Abbas (1957): The entire medical industry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Al-Masri, Ali bin Radwan (1986): The useful book on how to teach the medical industry, edited by: Kamal Al-Samarrai, Baghdad University Press, Baghdad, Iraq.

Al-Naqib, Abdul Rahman (1984): Educational and Professional Preparation of the Doctor among Muslims, A Series of Research Horizons in Islamic Education, Book Four, Dar Al-Fikr Al-Arabi, Cairo, Egypt.

Al-Hunaidi, Jamal Muhammad (2000): Education of Muslim Naturalists and Cosmologists in the First Five Centuries of the Hijra, Dar Al-Wafa for Printing, Publishing and Distribution, Mansoura.                

Khawam, Muhammad Nizar et al. (1990): History of Treatment and Medicine in Antiquity (Islamic Era, Renaissance in Europe), Mars Publishing House, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Sigrid, Honke (1964): The Sun of the Arabs Can Influence Arab Civilization on the West in Europe, translated by Said Beydoun and Kamal Desouki, Dar Al-Alam Al-Arabi, Beirut, Lebanon.

Shalaby, Ahmed (1982): Islamic Education Organized by Its Philosophy and History, 6th Edition, Egyptian Renaissance, Cairo.

Abdul Rahman, Hikmat Najib (1977): Studies in the History of Science among the Arabs, Dar Al-Kutub Foundation for Printing and Publishing, Baghdad.                

Ali, Said Ismail (1986): Institutes of Islamic Education, Dar Al-Fikr Al-Arabi, Cairo.

Issa, Ahmed Bey (DT): Machines of Medicine, Surgery and Kahala among the Arabs, Misr Press, Cairo.                  

Issa, Ahmed (1981): History of Bimaristans in Islam, 2nd Edition, Dar Al-Raed Al-Arabi, Beirut, Lebanon.                

Farrag, Ezz El-Din (2002): The Virtue of Muslim Scholars over European Civilization, Dar Al-Fikr Al-Arabi, Cairo.

Fouad, Ahmed Pasha (1983): The Scientific Heritage of Islamic Civilization and its Place in the History of Science and Civilization, Dar Al-Maaref, Cairo, Egypt.                

Qasim, Mahmoud Al-Haj Muhammad (2021): Medical Education in Arab-Islamic Civilization, Dar Mashki for Printing, Publishing and Distribution, Iraq.

------------------- (2022): Translation Libraries and Leading Medical Schools in the Arab Heritage, Dar Mashki for Printing, Publishing and Distribution, Iraq.                

Kahala, Omar Rida (1974): Introductions and Investigations in Arab Civilization and Islam, Al-Hijaz Press, Damascus.

  Merizen, Saeed Asiri (1412 AH): Teaching Medicine in the Islamic East: Its Systems and Curricula until the End of the Seventh Century AH, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Islamic Studies Research Center in Makkah Al-Mukarramah.                

Masoud, Abdullah Abdul Razek Al-Saeed (2000): Islam and its Medical Educational Institutions, Dar Ammar for Publishing and Distribution, Amman.

Nofal, Abdel Razek (1988): Muslims and Modern Science, 3rd Edition, Dar Al-Shorouk, Cairo.

Sixth: Theses and Scientific Research:

Ibn Saad, Nabila bint Zaid (2014): The ethics of the Muslim doctor according to the Prophet's Sunnah, Journal of Sharia Sciences, College of Fundamentals of Religion, Qassim University, Saudi Arabia, (Vol. 7), (issue. 3).

Ahmed, Mustafa Muhammad Ragab (1989 AD): Ibn Al-Akfani's Educational Thought with the Investigation of His Manuscript (Guiding the Intention to the Most High Purposes), Educational Journal, Faculty of Education, Sohag University, (Volume 4).

Al-Bar, Muhammad Ali (2015): The First Conference on Medical and Bioethics, held in Muscat, Oman, during the period from 8-11 March 2015.

Dajani, Akram Munib (2001): From the literature of the profession in the Arab-Islamic medical heritage, Al-Afaq Magazine, Faculty of Medicine, Zarqa University, Jordan, Issue (5).

Al-Salman, Muhammad Odeh (1998): Ethics of Medicine in the Islamic Heritage, Journal of Islamic Awareness, Ministry of Awqaf and Islamic Affairs, Kuwait, Issue (393).

Al-Sudani, Abdul Karim Abdul Samad, Al-Asadi, Nima Abdul Samad (2013): The Level of Medical Ethics among Faculty Members and Students in Iraqi Medical Colleges, Journal of Humanities, College of Education for Human Sciences, University of Babylon, Issue (15).

Universality, WHO (2005): Regional Committee for the Eastern Mediterranean: The International Islamic Code of Medical Ethics, Fifty-second Session, Agenda Item VIII.

Al-Ghannam, Muhammad Abdul Qawi Shibl (1999): An Analytical Study of Moral Education in accordance with Some Verses from Surat Al-Isra, Research, Faculty of Education for Boys in Cairo, Al-Azhar University, (issue. 100).

Al-Quseir, Abdulaziz bin Abdulkarim (2012): Medical Ethics in accordance with Islam: An Authentic Study, Published Master's Thesis, College of Sharia in Riyadh, Department of Islamic Culture, Imam Muhammad bin Saud Islamic University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

Mustafa, Omar Muhammad (2019 AD): Ethics of the Medical Profession through the Book of Eyes of News in the Layers of Doctors by Dr. Muwaffaq Al-Din bin Abi Al-Abbas - known as Ibn Abi Asiba (596-668 AH), Analytical Study, Research, College of Sharia, Department of Islamic Culture, Imam Muhammad bin Saud Islamic University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Issue (54).

Hegazy, Mohamed Abdel-Gawad (1996): Emerging Medical Issues in accordance with the Islamic Law: A Comparative Study, Published PhD Thesis, Faculty of Sharia and Law, Omdurman Islamic University, Sudan.

Zaki, Wael Saeed Abu Zeid (2013): Epidemics and their impact on society: a comparative medical jurisprudence study, unpublished doctoral thesis, Faculty of Sharia and Law in Tanta, Al-Azhar University.

Dhiab, Asmaa Youssef (2021): The Umayyad State and its Efforts in Health and Medical Care, Journal of the Egyptian Historian, Faculty of Arts, Cairo University, Issue (59).

Abdulaziz, Insaf (2007): The Jurisprudence and Ethics of the Muslim Doctor in Serious Medical Matters, Published Master's Thesis, Faculty of Islamic Studies, Al-Quds University, Palestine

Malkawi, Fathi Hassan (2017): Islamic Educational Heritage: The State of Research in it, Glimpses of its Development, and Extracts from its Texts and Schools, Higher Institute of Islamic Thought, Jordan, (vol. 23), (issue. 89).

Nasr, Mohamed (2018): The Criminal Responsibility of the Doctor for Deceptive Medical Advertisements and the Acceptance of Gifts (A Comparative Study), The National Criminal Journal issued by the National Center for Social and Criminal Research in Cairo, Second Issue.

سابعًا: المراجع الأجنبية:             

Bayard dodge) 1962(: Muslim Education in Medieval times, the middle East Institute, Washington, Dc.               

Mehdi Nakosteen) 1964(: History of Islamic Origins of Eestern Education, op, cit.  

1. L. Tibawi) 1974( :Arabic And Islamic Themes, Historical, Edu cational And Literary studies, op, cit.

ثامنًا: المواقع الإلكترونية:

الشايع، خالد بن عبد الرحمن(2022م) موقع ethc411.Yolasite.com: مقدمة مختصرة حول الأخلاقيات الطبية، تاريخ الاطلاع 22يونيو2022م                

المازني، اسلام بن صبحي(2022م): روائع تاريخ الطب والأطباء المسلمين، موقع www.pdffactory.com    تاريخ الاطلاع 26يونيو2022م.