A Suggested Proposal for Achieving Digital Sustainability in Egyptian Universities in The Light of Fourth Industrial Revolution

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

Department of Administration, Planning, and Comparative Studies, Faculty of Education, Tafahna Al-Ashraf, Al-Azhar University.

Abstract

        The current study aimed to achieve digital sustainability in Egyptian universities in the light of fourth industrial revolution, and in order to achieve this goal, the study used the descriptive approach, through identifying the theoretical foundations of digital sustainability and fourth industrial revolution in university institutions, besides monitoring the efforts done by Egyptian universities to achieve digital sustainability. To collect data a questionnaire was applied to a random sample of (505) faculty members in Egyptian public universities. The study results included: The degree of availability of digital sustainability in Egyptian universities was medium, with an arithmetic mean of (1.75). As for the dimensions order, the institutional (organizational) dimension came in first rank with a medium degree of availability, and an arithmetic mean of (1.84), followed by (the cultural dimension) in second rank with a medium degree of availability, and an arithmetic mean of (1.83), then the social dimension in third rank with a medium degree of availability, and an arithmetic mean of (1.78), then (the economic dimension) in the fourth rank with a medium degree of availability, and an arithmetic mean of (1.77), followed by (the environmental dimension) in the fifth rank with a weak degree of availability, and an arithmetic mean of (1.65), and the last rank was for the (Technical dimension) with a weak degree of availability, and an arithmetic mean of (1.63), and the degree of approval of the requirements for achieving digital sustainability in Egyptian universities in the light of fourth industrial revolution was high, with an arithmetic mean of (2.68). The results also revealed that there’re statistically significant differences at significance levels of (0.01) and (0.05) between the responses of the sample members regarding the degree of availability of digital sustainability in Egyptian universities according to the (gender) variable,  for the male category, and according to the variable of the nature of the faculty, for the practical category, and according to the variable of courses in the field of digital transformation, for the category of those who have obtained courses, while the results of the study did not show statistically significant differences at a significance level of (0.05) according to the variable of the job degree. In the light of the results of the theoretical and field study, the researchers built a suggested proposal for achieving digital sustainability in Egyptian universities in the light of fourth industrial revolution.

Keywords


  • Ibrahim, Sarah Abdel Mawla Ibrahim (2020). Developing Egyptian universities to face the challenges of the fourth industrial revolution; fourth generation universities as a model, Journal of Educational Sciences, 1(1), January, 417-470.
  • Abu Bakr, Khawaled (2019). Artificial intelligence applications as a modern trend to enhance the competitiveness of business organizations, Arab Democratic Center for Strategic, Political and Economic Studies, Berlin-Germany.
  • Ahmed, Tamer Said (2022). Awareness of the role of green economy in sustainable development in Egyptian universities: a field study on Alexandria university, Journal of the Faculty of Education - Alexandria University, 32(3), 489-530.
  • Ahmed, Ruqaya Al-Tayeb Ali (2022). Digitization of scientific research and its role in improving the quality of scientific research from the perspective of graduate students at King Saud university, Journal of Arab University of Amman for Research - Educational and Psychological Research Series, 7(1), 467-480.
  • Ismail, Amal Mohamed Ibrahim (2022). Constituents of South Valley university's digital transformation towards the smart university model as an approach to keep up with the fourth industrial revolution, South Valley University International Journal of Educational Sciences, No. (8), June, 719-881.
  • Al-Ashqar, Ahmed Mohamed Abdelsalam (2020). Developing the performance of Egyptian universities in digital transformation to face educational crises (COVID-19 as a model). Journal of Educational Sciences, Faculty of Graduate Studies for Education, 28(4), Part 7, October, 541-636.
  • Almaz, Mohamed El-Sayed Farag (2023). Requirements for disseminating digital culture in Egyptian universities from the perspective of faculty members, Journal of Educational Sciences, Faculty of Graduate Studies for Education - Cairo University, 4(1), October, 1-96.
  • Amin, Mustafa Ahmed (2018). Digital transformation in Egyptian universities as a requirement for achieving knowledge society, Journal of Educational Administration, No. (19), September, 11-117.
  • United Nations Development Program (2023). Global Knowledge Index 2023, UNDP Regional Bureau for Arab States and Mohamed Bin Rashid Al Maktoum knowledge foundation, Al Ghurair printing and publishing house - Dubai - United Arab Emirates.
  • Gad, Hatem Farghaly Dahy (2022). A future vision for developing digital education competencies among faculty members in Egyptian universities within the framework of university education enhanced by the technologies of the fourth industrial revolution, Educational Journal, Faculty of Education - Sohag University, 95(3), March, 1973-2107.
  • League of Arab States, Council of Arab Economic Unity (2020). Arab vision for the digital economy, 2nd, League of Arab States, Cairo.
  • Fayoum University (2016). Fayoum university strategic plan 2016-2021.
  • Arab Republic of Egypt, Central Agency for Public Mobilization and Statistics (2023). Annual Bulletin - Enrolled Students - Faculty Members of Higher Education, 2022/2023.
  • ــــــــــــــــــ, ــــــــــــــــــ (2024). Study of the development of artificial intelligence in Egypt during the period 2010-2022, March issue, reference No. 81-23411-2022
  • ــــــــــــــــــ, Cabinet, Information and Decision Support Center (2020). The world of technology, Information and Decision Support Center, Cairo, 1(2) April.
  • ــــــــــــــــــ, Cabinet, Information and Decision Support Center (2022a). The role of the fourth industrial revolution in supporting the circular economy on the path to sustainable development, Visions on the path to development series, issued by the Information and Decision Support Center of the Egyptian Cabinet, August.
  • ــــــــــــــــــ, Cabinet, Information and Decision Support Center (2022b). Seven Years of Achievements: Human Development, Higher Education and Scientific Research Sector, Cabinet.
  • ــــــــــــــــــ, Ministry of Planning and Economic Development (2023). Updated Egypt vision 2030: the national agenda for sustainable development, ministry of planning and economic development.
  • ــــــــــــــــــ, Ministry of Planning, Follow-up and Administrative Reform (2015). Sustainable Development Strategy: Egypt Vision 2030.
  • ــــــــــــــــــ, Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research (2015). Government strategy for the development of higher education in Egypt 2015-2030 Egypt invests in the future, strategic planning and policy support unit.
  • ـــــــــــــــــــــ, ــــــــــــــــــ (2019). National strategy for science, technology and innovation 2030.
  • El-Gendy, Heba Samir Soliman, Shehata, Safaa Ahmed Mohamed, Abdel Aziz, Ahmed Mohamed Mohamed, & El-Mogi, Marwa Mohamed Samir (2021). The fourth industrial revolution and requirements for its achievement in egyptian universities, Journal of the Faculty of Education - Ain Shams University, 45(3), 163- 202.
  • Al-Khawlani, Marwa Mahmoud Ibrahim (2021). Activating smart digitalization in Egyptian universities in light of the fourth industrial revolution, Educational Journal, Faculty of Education - Sohag University, 3(87), July 1409 -1498.
  • Al-Dahshan, Gamal Ali Khalil (2020a). Ethical dilemmas of the applications of the fourth industrial revolution, International Journal of Research in Educational Sciences, 3(3), 51-89.
  • ــــــــــــــــــ (2020b). Teacher preparation program to keep pace with the requirements of the fourth industrial revolution, Contemporary Education Journal, issued by the Modern Education Association, 37(115), 32-115.
  • ـــــــــــــــ , El Sayed, Samah El Sayed Mohamed (2020). A proposed vision for transforming Egyptian public universities into smart universities in light of the digital transformation initiative for universities. Educational Journal of the Faculty of Education - Sohag university, 78(78), October, 1249-1344.
  • Zaher, Diaa El Din (2003). Arab education and the culture of sustainability. Future Notebooks Series, Academic Library, Cairo.
  • Zahran, Ahmed Khaled Said, Mohamed, Osama Youssef, and Riyad, Mohamed Mohamed (2022). Fourth Industrial Revolution technologies in managing design processes. International Design Journal, 12(2), 299-311.
  • Zayan, Abdel Razek Mohamed (2015). A proposed strategy to face administrative and academic corruption in Egyptian universities in light of its explanatory factors: A field study. Journal of the Faculty of Education - Alexandria University, 25(2), 117-232.
  • Al-Saudi, Ramadan Mohamed Mohamed (2019). A comparative study of some foreign and Arab digital universities and the potential benefit for the Arab Republic of Egypt. Journal of the Faculty of Education - Ain Shams University, 43(4), 447-612.
  • Al-Sharawi, Mohamed Ali Hassan, Saadoun, Mohamed Abdel Hamid Mohamed (2022). A proposed vision to improve the practices of heads of departments at Al-Azhar University in the dimensions of digital leadership. Journal of the Faculty of Education - Beni Suef University, 115(19), October, 250-335.
  • Al-Sayarih, Mashael, Al-Ani, Wajeeha, Al-Abri, Khalaf; Al-Shanfari, Abdullah, Al-Barashidiya, Hafiza (2022). The role of fourth industrial revolution technologies in achieving sustainable development in higher education institutions in Oman. Journal of Arts and Social Sciences, 13(1), 79-94.
  • Abdel Hamid, Asmaa Abdel Fattah Nasr (2021). Requirements for achieving digital transformation at Al-Azhar University to face the challenges of the fourth industrial revolution. Journal of Education, Faculty of Education, Al-Azhar University, 190(1), 129-173.
  • Abdel Hai, Asmaa El Hadi Ibrahim (2021). The green university: An approach to achieve sustainable competitive advantage in Egyptian universities - A foresight vision. Journal of University Performance Development, Mansoura University, 16(2), November, 549-602.
  • Abdel Salam, Heba Mohamed Ahmed, Gawhar, Youssef Abdel Moti Mustafa, Ghanem, Ahmed Mohamed (2022). A suggested proposal for a digital university in Egypt in light of the practices of some foreign and Arab digital universities. Fayoum University Journal of Educational and Psychological Sciences, 16(9), 1050-1088.
  • Abdel Aal, Hoda Moawad Abdel Fattah (2021). Fayoum University as a green university supporting sustainable scientific research: A suggested proposal based on the experiences of Wageningen WUR in the Netherlands and the University of Sherbrooke UdeS in Canada. The Educational Journal, Faculty of Education - Sohag University, Issue (91), 4015-4137.
  • Abdel Hadi, Sahar Ismail Mohamed (2017). A tool for activating the concept of smart universities in Egyptian universities. Journal of Urban Research, Faculty of Regional and Urban Planning - Cairo University, 26(1), October, 23-38.
  • Abdel Wahab, Iman Gomaa Mohamed (2021). Enhancing the dynamics of transformation in Egyptian universities towards sustainable green universities based on their functional pillars: A case study of Benha University. Journal of the Faculty of Education, Benha University, 128(3), October, 145-252.
  • Al-Anzi, Farhan Yatim Eid (2019). Factors influencing the adoption of cloud computing in university education from the perspective of deans of e-learning. Journal of Educational and Psychological Sciences, Qassim University, 13(1), 382-399.
  • Ghamri, El Sayed Ismail Mohamed (2023). Professional competency requirements for teachers to enhance the safe employment of the Fourth Industrial Revolution's inputs and build a learning culture among their students. Journal of the Faculty of Education, Benha University, 136(3), October, 99-184.
  • Ghoneim, Ibrahim El-Sayed Issa (2021). A suggested proposal for activating the roles of basic education teachers in Egypt in light of the requirements of the Fourth Industrial Revolution. Journal of Scientific Research in Education, Faculty of Women for Arts, Sciences and Education, Ain Shams University, 9(22), 1-55.
  • United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia (2019). Technology for development in the Arab region: Global prospects and regional trends. United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia, United Nations, Beirut.
  • Supreme Council of Universities, Center for Electronic and Knowledge Services (2024). Overview of the center for electronic and knowledge services. Available at: https://scu.eg/eksc_units/ accessed May 13, 2024.
  • World Bank Group, Egypt Economic Monitor (2021). The broad impact of digital government transformation. December, World Bank Publications, Washington.
  • Mohamed, Magdy Abdel Rahman Abdallah (2021). An evaluative study of the impact of the fourth industrial revolution on the scientific research system at New Valley University. Journal of Education, Sohag University, Faculty of Education, Issue 91, November, 1442-1501.
  • Mohamed, Mohamed Gamal Saleh (2024). Obstacles and requirements for digital transformation in Egyptian universities within the framework of Egypt's Vision 2030:from the point of view of academic leaders: Aswan University as a model. Journal of the Higher Institute of Qualitative Studies, 4(2), 51-155.
  • Mohamed, Mohamed Hamdi Zaki (2023). Universities oriented towards environmental sustainability: A comparative study of Waterloo University (Canada), Griffith University (Australia), and Aswan University (Egypt). Journal of Education, Faculty of Education, Sohag University, 106(2), February, 1175-1402.
  • Mahmoud, Enas Ahmed Fathi (2021). A comparative study of the practices of integrating sustainable development in higher education institutions in Germany and Egypt. Journal of the Faculty of Education, Beni Suef University, 18(101), 89-212.
  • Al-Muslimani, Lamiya Ibrahim (2022). Digital transformation in Egyptian universities (reality, requirements, obstacles). Journal of Education, Faculty of Education, Sohag University, 99(2), July, 793-876.
  • Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (2019). The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and participation in the race towards quantum computing. Ministry of Communications and Information Technology, Technology Foresight Center, Saudi Arabia, 1-18.
  • Moussa, Mohamed El-Sayed, and Mahmoud, Mahmoud Abdelrahman Kamel (2020). Analysis of some potential obstacles to digital transformation in Egyptian public universities from the perspective of IT experts. Arab Journal of Administrative Sciences, 27(3), 449-483.
  • Al-Hawari, Gamal Farghal Ismail, and Al-Feki, Mohamed Mohamed Abdulrazak Elsayed (2021). Digital intelligence and its relationship to cognitive flexibility and the tendency towards a productive university among a sample of faculty members and their assistants at Al-Azhar University (a predictive study). Journal of Education, Faculty of Education, Al-Azhar University, 192(2), 1-64.
  • General Authority for Information (2023). Towards building a digital Egypt: A journey of advancement. General Authority for Information, Cairo.
  • Watfa, Ali Asaad (2019). The Fourth Industrial Revolution: Challenges or opportunities? Available at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication /349105626 _althwrt_alsnayt_alrabt_frs_wthdyat, accessed September 6, 2024.
  • Ministry of Communications and Information Technology (2020). Cooperation protocol for implementing digital transformation and automation projects in the Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research. Available at: https://mcit.gov.eg/Ar /Media_Center /Press_Room/Press_Releases/46793, accessed May 10, 2023.
  • _____________ (2021). Key achievements of the communications and information technology sector under the leadership of President Abdel Fattah El-Sisi. Cairo.
  • UNESCO (2016). Global education monitoring report: Education for people and planet; building sustainable futures for all. UNESCO, Paris.
  • _____________ (2018). Global education report 2018: Meeting summary. Translated by: Arab Bureau of Education for the Gulf States, December 3-5, Vol. 2, Brussels, Belgium.
  • _____________ (2019). UNESCO ICT competency framework for teachers. UNESCO, Paris.
  • _____________ (2020). Medium-term strategy project for the period 2022-2029 (Document 41m/4). UNESCO, Paris.
  • _____________ (2021a). UNESCO science report: The race against time for smarter development. Executive Summary, UNESCO, Paris.
  • _____________ (2021b). UNESCO strategy on technological innovation in education. Executive Board, Session 211, March 12, 2021, UNESCO, Paris.
  • _____________ (2022). UNESCO world conference on cultural policies and sustainable development 2022. Session 214, UNESCO, Paris.
  • UNESCO & Abu Dhabi Culture and Tourism Department (2022). Culture in the time of COVID-19: Resilience, renewal, and rebirth. UNESCO, Paris.

ثالثًا: المراجع الأجنبية:

  • Abaku, T., Calzati, S., & Masso, A. (2021). Exploring digital sustainability of/through Estonia’s e-residency: Africa’s case and the importance of culture for sustainability, Digital Policy, Regulation and Governance., 23(3), 300-313.
  • Ahel, O.& Lingenau, K. (2020) “Opportunities and Challenges of Digitalization to Improve Access to Education for Sustainable Development in Higher Education”, in Walter Leal Filho et al.: World Sustainability Series: Universities as Living Labs for Sustainable Development: Supporting the Implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals, Springer Nature, Switzerland, AG.
  • Alimisis, D. (2013). Educational robotics: Open questions and new challenges, Themes in Science and Technology Education, 6(1), 63-71.‏
  • Arnold, M. G., Vogel, A., & Ulber, M. (2021). Digitalizing Higher Education in Light of Sustainability and Rebound Effects—Surveys in Times of the COVID-19 Pandemic, Sustainability, 13(22), 12912. ‏ https://doi.org/10.3390/su132212912 
  • Arvanitidi, E., Drosos, C., Theocharis, E., & Papoutsidakis, M. (2019). 3D printing and education, International Journal of Computer Applications, 177(24), 55-59.‏
  • Assante, D., Cennamo, G. M., & Placidi, L. (2020). “3D printing in Education: an European perspective”. In 2020 IEEE Global Engineering Education Conference (EDUCON), 27–30 April 2020, Porto, Portugal, 1133-1138.
  • Avis, J. (202O). Vocational education in the fourth industrial revolution: Education and employment in a post-work age, Springer Nature.‏
  • Azuma R., Baillot, Y., Behringer, R., Feiner. S., Julier. S. & MacIntyre, B. (2001). Recent advances in augmented reality, IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications. 21(6), 34-47.
  • Bagheri, M., & Movahed, S. H. (2016). The effect of the Internet of Things (IoT) on education business model. In 2016 12th International Conference on Signal-Image Technology & Internet-Based Systems (SITIS). IEEE Computer Society, 435-441.
  • Baker, K. (2016). The digital revolution: The impact of the fourth industrial revolution on employment and education. Edge Foundation, England.
  • Balyer, A.& Oz, O. ((2018). Academicians’ Views on Digital Transformation in Education, International Online Journal of Education and Teaching (IOJET),5(4), 809- 830.
  • Bejinaru, R. (2019). Impact of Digitalization on Education in the Knowledge Economy, Management Dynamics in the Knowledge Economy,7(3), 367- 380.
  • Benešová, A., & Tupa, J. (2017). Requirements for Education and Qualification of People in Industry 4.0", 27th International Conference on Flexible Automation and Intelligent Manufacturing, FAIM2017, 27-30 June 2017, Modena, Italy, 2195 – 2202.
  • Bower, M., Howe, C., McCredie, N., Robinson, A., & Grover, D. (2014). Augmented Reality in education–cases, places and potentials, Educational Media International, 51(1), 1-15.‏
  • Bozkurt, A., Karadeniz, A., Baneres, D., Guerrero-Roldán, A. E., & Rodríguez, M. E. (2021). Artificial intelligence and reflections from educational landscape: a review of AI studies in half a century, Sustainability, 13(2), 1-16.
  • Bradley, K. (2007). Defining digital sustainability, Library Trends, 56(1), 148-163.‏
  • Briganti, P., Volpe, T., Veglianti, E., & Varriale, L. (2024). “Technology for sustainability in the educational context: A portrait of the Italian universities”. In ITM Web of Conferences, International Conference on Exploring Service Science (IESS 2.4), Brno, Czech Republic, February 8-9, 2024, Vol. 62, 1-14, org/10.1051/itmconf/20246204002.
  • Catal, C., & Tekinerdogan, B. (2019). “Aligning education for the life sciences domain to support digitalization and industry 4.0”, Procedia computer science, 158, 99-106.
  • Caudill, J. G. (2020). The Globalization of Higher Education as Part of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, Journal of alternative perspectives in the social sciences, 10(4).‏763-774.
  • Chelovechkova, A. V., Adamenko, Yu. V., Medvedevp, A. A. (2021). “Digital Transformation of Education as Overcoming the Global Digital Inequality within the Framework of Sustainable Development of Civilization”, International Scientific and Practical Conference on Sustainable Development of Regional Infrastructure, on March 14-15, Yekaterinburg, Russia.
  • Christou, C. (2010). “Virtual Reality in Education”, IN: Tzanavari, A. & Tsapatsoulis, N. (Eds). Affective, Interactive and Cognitive Methods for E-Learning Design: Creating an Optimal Education Experience. IGI Global, Pennsylvania, USA.
  • Cricelli, L., & Strazzullo, S. (2021). The Economic Aspect of Digital Sustainability: A Systematic Review, Sustainability, 13(15), 1-15.‏
  • Dapp, (2013). “Open Government Data and Free Software – Cornerstones of a Digital Sustainability Agenda”, In buch & netz: The 2013 Open Reader – Stories and articles inspired by OKCon 2013: Open Data, Broad, Deep, Connected, buch & netz, OKF, Switzerland.
  • Dramnescu, M., & Enachescu, V. A. (2017). “The advantages of using cloud computing in educational environment”, In The 13th International Scientific Conference E Learning and Software for Education, Bucharest, April 27-28, 2017, 387.
  • Elayyan, S. (2021). The future of education according to the fourth industrial revolution. Journal of Educational Technology and Online Learning, 4(1), 23-30.‏
  • Fernandes, N. (2024). Embracing The Future With Quantum Computing In Higher Education, Available at https://www.forbes.com/sites /forbesbusinesscouncil /2024/01/25/embracing-the-future-with-quantum- computing -in-higher -education/ On10-7-2024.
  • Fomunyam, K. G. (2020). Deterritorialising to Reterritorialising the Curriculum Discourse in African Higher Education in the Era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, International Journal of Higher Education, 9(4), 27-34.‏
  • George, G., Merrill, R. K., Schillebeeckx, S. J. D. (2021). “Digital Sustainability and Entrepreneurship: How Digital Innovations Are Helping Tackle Climate Change and Sustainable Development”, Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 45(5). doi.org /10.1177/1042258719899425.
  • Gökçearslan, Ş. A., Erdoğdu, F., Öztürk, H., & Alper, A. (2018). An emerging topic in information and communication technologies education: Robotics education based on teachers’ experience and opinions in Turkey, Proceedings of 101st ISERD International Conference, Manila, Philippines, 28th-29th January 2018‏, 52 -57.
  • Grünberger, N.& Szucsich, P. (2021) “Sustainability in a Digital Age as a Trigger for Organizational Development in Education”, in: Dirk Ifenthaler et al.: Digital Transformation of ­Learning Organizations, Springer Nature, Switzerland.
  • Guandalini, I. (2022). Sustainability through digital transformation: A systematic literature review for research guidance, Journal of Business Research,148, September, 456- 471
  • Gupta, A., Mazumdar, B. D., Mishra, M., Shinde, P. , Srivastava, S., & Deepak, A. (2023). Role of cloud computing in management and education, Materials Today: Proceedings, 80, 3726-3729.‏
  • Harrington, D. M. (2018). On the usefulness of “value” in the definition of creativity: A commentary, Creativity research journal, 30(1), 118-121.‏
  • Harry, A. (2023). Role of AI in Education, Interdisciplinary Journal and Humanity (INJURITY), 2(3), 260-268.‏
  • Herberger, T. A., Dötsch, J. (2021). “The Means Justifies the End? Digitalization and Sustainability as a Social Challenge. A Plea for an Integrative View”, in Tim A. Herberger, Jörg J. Dötsch: Digitalization, Digital Transformation and Sustainability in the Global Economy: Risks and Opportunities, Springer Nature, Switzerland AG.
  • Hirschi, A. (2018). The Fourth Industrial Revolution: Issues and Implications for Career Research and Practice, Journal of Career Development Quarterly, 66(30), 1-13.
  • Ifenthaler, D., et al. (2021). Digital Transformation of ­Learning Organizations, Springer Nature, Switzerland.
  • International Telecommunication Unio (ITU) (2012). Overview of the Internet of things, ITU-T Y-SERIES RECOMMENDATIONS, 1-23
  • Johnson, L., Smith, R., Levine, A., & Haywood, K. (2010). The Horizon Report: 2010 Australia-New Zealand Edition, New Media Consortium. 6101 West Courtyard Drive Building One Suite 100, Austin, TX 78730.‏
  • Jung, A. (2017). “Forward” in: Osburg, T., & Lohrmann, C. (Editors). Sustainability in a Digital World: New Opportunities Through New Technologies, Springer International, New York.‏
  • Karki, B. R., Porras, J. (2021). “Digitalization for sustainable maintenance services: A systematic literature review”, Digital Business,1(2). doi.org /10.1016/j.digbus.2021.100011.
  • Miller, K.& Wendt, K. (2021). The Fourth Industrial Revolution and Its Impact on Ethics Solving the Challenges of the Agenda 2030, Springer Nature Switzerland AG, Switzerland.
  • Kayembe, C.& Nel, D. (2019). Challenges and opportunities for education in the Fourth Industrial Revolution, African Journal of Public Affairs, 11(3), 79-94.‏
  • Khalil, A., Ishaq, N.& Boedihartono, A. (2020). Digital Transformation of Teacher Education by Bridging Digital Divide between Teacher Educators and Prospective Teachers, Journal of Contemporary Teacher Education,4, doi.org/ 10.58444/jcte.v4i.208.
  • Knudsen, E. S., Lien, L. B., Timmermans, B., Belik, B.& Pandey, S. (2021). Stability in turbulent times? The effect of digitalization on the sustainability of competitive advantage, Journal of Business Research, 128, 360- 369.
  • Kolmykova, T.& Kharchenko, E. V. (2020). “Introduction: Regarding the Future of the Digital Economy” in: Tatiana Kolmykova, Ekaterina V. Kharchenko: Digital Future Economic Growth, Social Adaptation, and Technological Perspectives, Springer Nature, Switzerland AG.
  • Koloszár, L., & Németh, N. (2020). The Characteristics of the Fourth Industrial Revolution: Buzzword, Hype or a Radical Change, E-CONOM, 9(1), 91-104.‏
  • Konstantelos, L.& Hughes, L. (2019). Digital sustainability review of hlf-funded projects, A report of Living Legacies Phase 2, The University of Glasgow, Scotland, UK.
  • Konys, A. (2020). How to support digital sustainability assessment? An attempt to knowledge systematization, Procedia Computer Science, 176, 2297-2311.‏
  • Lampoltshammer, T. J., Albrecht, V., & Raith, C. (2021). Teaching Digital Sustainability in Higher Education from a Transdisciplinary Perspective, Sustainability, 13(21), org/10.3390/su132112039 .
  • Latifah, R., Budiyanto, C., Saputro, H. (2022). “Digital Transformation Readiness in Higher Education Institutions in Indonesia: A Systematic Literature Review”, International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Operations Management, held on March 7-10, Istanbul, Turkey.
  • Lee, C. A., Bohn, R. B.& Michel, M. (2020). The NIST Cloud Federation Reference Architecture, National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST Special Publication 500-332, U.S. Department of Commerce, 1-81.
  • Lezhebokov, A. A. et al. (2020). “Management of Scientific and Educational Communities in Terms of Digitalization” in: Elena G. Popkova, Konstantin V. Vodenko: Public Administration and Regional Management in Russia: Challenges and Prospects in a Multicultural Region, Springer Nature, Switzerland AG.
  • Li, L. (2022). Digital transformation and sustainable performance: The moderating role of market turbulence, Industrial Marketing Management, 104, 28- 37.
  • Lin, C., Yu, W. C. W., & Wang, J. (2014). Cloud Collaboration: Cloud-based Instruction for Business Writing Class, World Journal of Education, 4(6), 9-15.‏
  • Liu, Y., Gao, B., Wang, Y., & Liu, L. (2018). Controlling the fourth industrial revolution: education and technology fusing tendency research. In 2018 4th International Conference on Social Science and Higher Education (ICSSHE 2018), Atlantis Press., 217-221.
  • Llale, J., Root, D., & Wembe, P. (2020). Opportunities and Threats of the Fourth Industrial Revolutionm, International Journal of Technology, Knowledge and Society, 16(2), 35-45.
  • Majid, F. A., & Zamin, A. (2019). The 4th industrial revolution: Contemplations on curriculum review and its implementation in the Malaysian higher education institutes, Global Journal Al-Thaqafah, 9(3), 7-14.‏
  • Marr, B. (2019). 8 Things Every School Must Do to Prepare for the 4th Industrial Revolution. May 22, 2019, Available at: https://www.forbes.com/sites/bernardmarr/2019/05/22/8-things-every-school-must-do-to-prepare-for-the-4th-industrial-revolution/ 19-7-2024.
  • Maynard, A. (2015). Navigating the fourth industrial revolution, Nature Nanotech, 10, 1005–1006.
  • McLean, J., Maalsen, S., & Lake, L. (2022). Digital (un) sustainability at an urban university in Sydney, Australia, Cities, 127,1-10.
  • Mell, P. & Grance, T. (2011). The NIST Definition of Cloud Computing, National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST Special Publication 332-500, U.S. Department of Commerce, 1-7.
  • Mian, S. H., Salah, B., Ameen, W., Moiduddin, K., & Alkhalefah, H. (2020). Adapting universities for sustainability education in industry 4.0: Channel of challenges and opportunities, Sustainability, 12(15), 1-31.
  • Mollah, M. B., Azad, M. A. K., & Vasilakos, A. (2017). Security and privacy challenges in mobile cloud computing: Survey and way ahead, Journal of Network and Computer Applications, 84, 38-54.‏
  • Digitalization to achieve sustainable development goals: Steps towards a Smart Green Planet, Science of the Total Environment, 794 November.doi.org /10.1016/j.scitotenv .2021.148539
  • Mubin, O., Stevens, C. J., Shahid, S., Al Mahmud, A., & Dong, J. (2013). A review of the applicability of robots in education, Journal of Technology in Education and Learning, 1-7.
  • Narula, T. K.& Rana, S. (2017). “Digitalization in India”, International Journal on Emerging Technologies, (Special Issue NCETST), 8(1), 298-303.
  • Nicoletti, B. (2020). Procurement 4.0 and the Fourth Industrial Revolution. The Opportunities and Challenges of a Digital World, Palgrave Macmillan, Switzerland.‏
  • Nofan, M. W., Amar A.& Sakran, A. A. (2015). The Usage of Cloud Computing in Education, Iraqi Journal for Computers and Informatics,42(1), 68- 73.
  • OECD (2020), Digital Government in Mexico: Sustainable and Inclusive Transformation, OECD Digital Government Studies, OECD Publishing, Paris.
  • Oke, A., & Fernandes, F. A. P. (2020). Innovations in teaching and learning: Exploring the perceptions of the education sector on the 4th industrial revolution (4IR). Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 6(2), 1-22.
  • Owoc, M. L., Sawicka, A., & Weichbroth, P. (2021). “Artificial Intelligence Technologies in Education: Benefits, Challenges and Strategies of Implementation”. In Owoc, M. L.& Pondel, M.: Artificial Intelligence for Knowledge Management, Springer, Switzerland.
  • Pan, S. L., Carter, L., Tim, Y., & Sandeep, M. S. (2022). Digital sustainability, climate change, and information systems solutions: Opportunities for future research, International Journal of Information Management, 63, 1-5.
  • Pereyo, H.& Mallett, S. (2011). Introduction to Robotics, A product of Civil Air Patrol Aerospace Education, Air Forces, USA.
  • Pombo, C., Gupta, R., & Stankovic, M. (2018). Social services for digital citizens: Opportunities for Latin America and the Caribbean. Inter-American Development Bank.‏ 1-70.
  • Raimundo, R., & Rosário, A. (2021). Blockchain system in higher education. European Journal of Investigation in Health, Psychology and Education, 11(1), 276-293.‏
  • Reis, J., Amorim, M., Melão, N., Cohen, Y., & Rodrigues, M. (2020). Digitalization: A Literature Review and Research Agenda, Springer Nature, Switzerland.
  • Rüttimann, B. G. (2019). Transactional Lean: Preparing for the Digitalization Era: A Systematic Approach to Industrialize Office Processes, Springer Nature, Switzerland.
  • Schmidt, J. T., Tang, M. (2020). Digitalization in Education: Challenges, Trends and Transformative Potential, Springer Nature, Switzerland.
  • Schwab, K. (2016). The Fourth Industrial Revolution: what it means, how to respond, USA Foreign Affairs, December 12.
  • Schwab, K. (2017). The fourth industrial revolution, World Economic Forum, Switzerland.
  • Shahroom, A.& Hussin, N. (2018). Industrial Revolution 4.0 and Education, International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 8(9), 314-319.
  • Simon, H. (2022), Hidden Champions in the Chinese Century, Springer Nature, Switzerland.
  • Singaram, S., Mayer, C. H., & Oosthuizen, R. M. (2023). Leading higher education into the fourth industrial revolution: an empirical investigation, Frontiers in psychology, 14, 1-19.
  • Sparviero, S.& Ragnedda, M. (2021). Towards digital sustainability: The long journey to the sustainable development goals 2030. Digital Policy, Regulation and Governance, 23(3),216-228.
  • Spina, E., Zapata-Jaramillo, C. M., & Simonette, M. (2021). Higher education (HE) across the continent. How he is addressed by region, in: Burgos, D., & Branch, J. W.: Radical Solutions for Digital Transformation in Latin American Universities: Artificial Intelligence and Technology 4.0 in Higher Education, Springer, Singapore
  • Stuermer, M. (2014). Characteristics of Digital Sustainability, Research Center for Digital Sustainability, University of Bern, Switzerland.
  • ــــــــــــــــــــــــــ (2019). Perspectives on Digital Sustainability, Habilitation, Faculty of Science, University of Bern, Switzerland.
  • Sukhodolov Y. (2019). The Notion, Essence, and Peculiarities of Industry 4.0 as a Sphere of Industry, in: Popkova, E. G., Ragulina Y. V., Bogoviz A. V. (Eds), Industry 4.0: Industrial Revolution of the 21st Century, Springer International Publishing, Switzerland.
  • Thomas, P.& Nicholas, D. (2018). The Fourth Industrial Revolution: Shaping New Era. Journal of International Affairs, 72(1), 17-22.‏
  • Todorov, T. & Vela, P. (2023). Internet Of Things in Education, Fifth International Scientific Conference “Innovative STEM Education”, STEMedu-2023, 03–06 April 2023, Veliko Tarnovo, Bulgaria, 193- 200.
  • UNESCO, International Center for Higher Education Innovation under the auspices of UNESCO (2022). Digital Transformation of Higher Education Teaching and Learning: Research Report, Institute of Education, Tsinghua University, April,
  • Vlies, V. R. (2020). Digital strategies in education across OECD countries: Exploring education policies on digital technologies,‏ OECD Education Working Papers. 226, OECD, Paris.
  • Weber, A. (2020) Digitalization for Value Creation: Corporate Culture for a Digital World, Springer Nature, Switzerland AG.
  • World Economic Forum (2017): “ASEAN 4.0: What does the Fourth Industrial Revolution mean for regional economic integration?” White paper, World Economic Forum, Switzerland.
  • ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ (2019). Fourth Industrial Revolution. Retrieved from https://www.weforum.org/focus/fourth-industrial-revolution/ [Accessed on 6/12/2023].
  • Wu, H. K., Lee, S. W., Chang, H. Y., & Liang, J. C. (2013). Current status, opportunities and challenges of augmented reality in education, Computers & education, 62, 41-49.‏
  • Wut, T. M., Lee, D., Ip, W. M., & Lee, S. W. (2021). Digital sustainability in the organization: Scale development and validation. Sustainability, 13(6), 1-14.
  • Xefteris, S., Palaigeorgiou, G., & Tsorbari, A. (2019). A learning environment for geography and history using mixed reality, tangible interfaces and educational robotics. In: Auer, M. E. & Tsiatsos. T. (Eds). The Challenges of the Digital Transformation in Education: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Interactive Collaborative Learning (ICL2018)- Vol.2. Springer International Publishing, Switzerland.‏
  • Yun, K. Y. (2018). Lifelong Learning in Korea, National Institute for Lifelong Education (NILE), Seo Hyung Lee, Korea.
  • Zhou, K., Liu, T., & Zhou, L. (2015). “Industry 4.0: Towards future industrial opportunities and challenges”, 12th International conference on fuzzy systems and knowledge discovery (FSKD), 15-17 August, No. 2147-2152.
  • Zoppelletto, A., & Orlandi, L. B. (2022). “Cultural and digital collaboration infrastructures as sustainability enhancing factors: A configurational approach”, Technological Forecasting & Social Change, 179 June, doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2022.121645.