The Level of Moral Intelligence and Its Relationship to The Level of Marital Compatibility from The Perspective of Islamic Education (A Field Study on A Sample of Newly Married Couples in Egyptian Society)

Document Type : Original Article

Author

Assistant Professor of Islamic Education - Faculty of Education for Boys in Cairo - Al-Azhar University.

Abstract

The study aimed to reveal the level of moral intelligence and its relationship to the level of marital compatibility from the perspective of Islamic education among a sample of newly married couples in Egyptian society. The study used the descriptive method and relied on the moral intelligence scale and the marital compatibility scale developed by the researcher for data collection. The study was conducted on a sample of (462) newly married individuals who had been married for no more than one year and were enrolled in the educational rehabilitation program at the Faculty of Education, Al-Azhar University in Cairo. The sample was distributed according to (gender, place of residence, and educational level of spouses) variables. The results indicated that the level of moral intelligence was medium in all dimensions, and that the level of marital compatibility was high in all dimensions except for the religious dimension, which was medium. The results also indicated the existence of a direct correlation between the level of moral intelligence and the level of marital compatibility, and that marital compatibility can be predicted through the level of moral intelligence. In addition, the results indicated that there are no statistically significant differences in the responses of the study sample members referred to the gender variable, while there are statistically significant differences in their responses referred to the variable of place of residence in favor of those residing in the countryside. There are also statistically significant differences in their responses referred to the variable of educational level in favor of the spouses with a high education.

Keywords


Abdullah, H. I. (2014). Group psychological counseling, Khwarazm Scientific Publishers and Libraries.
Abdullah, S. M. M. (2020). Moral intelligence in its relationship to the orientations of achievement goals among students of the Faculty of Education in Sohag, Faculty of Education - Sohag University, Educational Journal, (73), 596- 636.
Abdul-Moneim, A. M. (2004). Marital compatibility and its relationship to methods of caring for children and their psychological compatibility, (unpublished master's thesis), Faculty of Education, Zagazig University.
Abu Asaad, A. A. (2011). Psychology of Family Problems. Dar Al-Masirah.
Abu Rahma, I. A. (2018). Emotional Intelligence and Its Relationship to Transformational Leadership: A Case Study of the Tourism Sector in the Gaza Strip. Palestine University Journal for Research and Studies, 7 (4), 241-258.
Ahmed, A. A. & Abdo, I. M. (2017). School Bullying and Its Relationship to Moral Intelligence among Preparatory School Students: A Predictive Study. Arab Educators Association, Journal of Arab Studies in Education and Psychology. (86), 451-457.
Al-Anzi, F. S. (2009). The role of thinking styles, partner selection criteria, and some demographic variables in achieving the level of marital compatibility among a sample of Saudi society, (unpublished PhD. Dissertation), Faculty of Education, Umm Al-Qura University.
Al-Bayhaqi, A. A. (2003). Al-Sunan Al-Kubra, (3rd ed.), (Investigation: Muhammad Abdul Qader Atta). Dar Al-Kotob Al-Ilmiyyah
Al-Bayoumi, R. H. & Al-Harbi, G. S. (2020). Parental treatment methods and their impact on the quality of life of a sample of families in the city of Jeddah, an applied study. Arab Educators Association, Arab Studies in Education and Psychology, (126).
Al-Bukhari, M. I. (1407 AH). Sahih Al-Bukhari. Investigated by Mustafa Deeb Al-Baghdadi, (3rd ed.). Dar Ibn Kathir.
Al-Ghamdi, S. Y. (2016). The effectiveness of preventive and therapeutic programs provided by family associations in improving marital compatibility from the beneficiaries' point of view (Al-Mawadda Association for Family Development in Jeddah Governorate as a model). Al-Azhar Journal of Education, (171), Part 2, December.
Al-Harthi, A. N. S. (2020). Decision-making and its relationship to emotional intelligence among female school leaders in the secondary stage in the city of Jeddah from the teachers' point of view, (unpublished master's thesis), Al-Hikma University, College of Health and Behavioral Sciences and Education.
Al-Jaafrah, A. A. (2018). The level of moral intelligence and its relationship to social support among students of Al-Balqa Applied University in Jordan. Alexandria University, Journal of Childhood and Education, 10 (36), 377-412.
Al-Jaji, R. M., Al-Hadabi, D. A., and Al-Hamadi, A. O. (2018). Building a scale of moral intelligence according to the moral judgment of university students. University of Science and Technology, International Journal for the Development of Excellence, 9(16), 140-171.
Al-Jarrah, H. Y. (2019). Moral intelligence and its relationship to both self-esteem and achievement motivation among students of Al Ain University of Science and Technology, Journal of the University of Sharjah for Humanities and Social Sciences 16(1), 451-483.
Al-Kharraz, K. J. (2009). Encyclopedia of Ethic. Ahl Al-Athar Office for Publishing and Distribution.
Al-Qash'an, H. (2008). Marital compatibility and marital disputes: a field study, Kuwait, Awan Magazine, October 17.
Al-Safa, H. (2004). Marital disputes (a social reading in the Islamic perception) Al-Minhaj Journal - Al-Ghadeer Center for Islamic Studies, Beirut, Issue 33.
Al-Shalabi, Y., Hamdan, M., & Shurab, Y. (2019). The Reality of Family Counseling in Social Reform Centers and Associations in the Makkah Al-Mukarramah Region. Arab Foundation for Scientific Research and Human Development, 42(1), 27-102.
Al-Subaie, K. H. (2020). Anger Emotion, Social Skills and Their Relationship to Marital Compatibility, (Unpublished Master's Thesis), College of Education, King Saud University.
Al-Subhiyyin, A. M., Al-Qudat, M., Al-Dhaidan, A., Quraitan, A., & Hilat, M. (2019). Moral intelligence and its relationship to conflict resolution skills among King Saud University students in light of some variables. Arab Journal for Quality Assurance in Higher Education, 12(40), 107-132.
Al-Zawahra, A. A., & Al-Takhayneh, S. K. (2022). Family compatibility and its relationship to perceived self-efficacy among juvenile delinquents in the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan. Al-Azhar Journal of Education, (193), Part 1.
Bishara, M. (2013). The effect of a training program based on Borba's theory in developing moral intelligence among children of SOS villages in Jordan. Al-Hussein Bin Talal University, Jordanian Journal of Educational Sciences, 9(4), 403- 417.
Diba, F. H. S. (2017). Mutual perceptions between spouses towards the dimensions of family life and their relationship to marital compatibility, Journal of Educational Sciences Studies, Al-Quds Open University, 44 (4).
Eid, Y. (2022). Linguistic intelligence and achievement motivation as predictors of academic excellence among Saudi female university students. Journal of Special Education, 11(38), 261-310.
Farghali, J. F. H. (2013). Moral intelligence and its relationship to mental health among a sample of adolescents. Al-Azhar Journal of Education,  2 (154), 77-103.
Hammam, N. A., & Suwaifi, G. K. (2018). A training program based on Borba's theory of moral intelligence to reduce bullying behavior among kindergarten children. Journal of Studies in Childhood and Education, (5), 143-161.
Hassan, Y. H. O. (2015). Moral intelligence and its applications in the Sunnah of the Prophet and its impact on Muslim behavior in the modern era. (Unpublished master's thesis) Al-Quds University.
Hussein, M. (2016). The effect of modeling and role-playing strategies on moral intelligence among students in the first cycle of basic education, (unpublished master's thesis), Faculty of Education, Al-Azhar University.
Imran, T. (2021). Family development programs to meet the strategic needs of society (family stability - social cohesion - community security). Educational Creativity Journal, (16), Arab Educators Association, Egypt.
Jaber, A. J. & Kazem, A. K. (1986). Research Methods in Education and Psychology, (2nd ed.), Dar Al Nahda Al Arabiya.
Khalif, M. S. A. S. (2024). A proposed vision from the perspective of Islamic education for the role of some educational institutions in enhancing family harmony, (unpublished master's thesis), Faculty of Education, Cairo, Al-Azhar University.
Malham, S., Al-Harahsheh, A., Abu Ghosh, S., Abu Hussein, A., & Kanaan, R. (2020). The mediating role of organizational commitment in the impact of emotional intelligence on the performance of employees in Jordanian private universities. University of Jordan, Educational Sciences Studies, 47(4), 279-301.
Mersal, H. (2017). The effect of a training program based on the dimensions of moral intelligence on positive thinking among university students, (unpublished master's thesis), Faculty of Education, Al-Azhar University.
Mohamed, M. M. D. (2006). Marital treatment methods and their relationship to marital compatibility, an analytical comparative study from the perspective of individual service applied to a sample of families applying to family dispute settlement offices and families referred to the family court. Journal of Studies in Social Service and Humanities, Egypt, (21), part 1.
Morad, S. A., Hadi, F. A., & Gad El Rab, H. F. (2017). Inferential Statistics in Behavioral Sciences. Dar El Kitab El Hadith.
Morsi, S. (2008). Marital Dysfunctions. Dar Itrak for Printing and Publishing.
Nofal, R. & Al-Malik, H. (2014). Family Relations. Dar Al-Zahra.
Othman, A. S. (2020). Guarantees of family stability in the Holy Quran and the Sunnah, Sharif Hidayatullah State Islamic University. Faculty of Islamic and Arabic Studies, Al-Zahraa Journal, 17 (2), Indonesia.
Radwan, A. A. M. (2017). The effectiveness of a guidance program to develop awareness of the requirements of married life from the perspective of Islamic education among a sample of Egyptian university graduates, (unpublished doctoral dissertation), Faculty of Education, Department of Islamic Education, Al-Azhar University in Cairo.
Siddiq, A. S. (2019). Moral intelligence as a predictor of friendship quality among Minia University students. Journal of Educational and Psychological Sciences, Arab Journal of Sciences and Research Publishing in cooperation with the National Center for Research in Palestine, 20(2), 582-616.
Smiley, M., & Amara, S. (2018). Emotional Intelligence, Its Concept, Models, and Applications in the School Environment. Journal of the Research Unit in the Field of Human Development, 9(3), 282- 306.
Sulaiman, S. M. (2005). Marital Compatibility and Family Stability from an Islamic, Psychological and Social Perspective, Cairo, Alam Al-Kutub.
Tahat, A. Q. M., & Arabiyat, A. A. (2022). The relationship between emotional intelligence and psychological happiness among tenth grade students in Irbid, Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, Al-Azhar Journal of Education, (194), Part 1, 271-299.
Tolba, F. A. A. (2002). Teenage marriage and its relationship to marital compatibility, (unpublished master's thesis), Faculty of Education, Zagazig University.
Yaljen, M. (2003). Islamic Ethics, (2nd ed.). Dar Alam Al-Kutub for Printing and Publishing.
Yassin, L. Z., & Mahdi, T. R. (2016). Moral Intelligence among University Students. Al-Mustansiriya University, Journal of the College of Education (2), 443-464.
Zadah, A., Youssef, Z., & Barou, M. (2023). Designing a model of family stability based on Islamic teachings, Al-Mustafa International University, Al-Mustafa Journal, 3 (5), 219-282.
 
ثالثاً: المراجع الإنجليزية:
Almakhlafi, M. A. (2020). Yemeni EFL Student Teachers Moral Intelligence and its relationship to their academic performance. Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences,4(1),168-179.
Aung, A. (2016). Moral intelligence of leaders . New York: Harper Perennial.
Chen, z, tanaka,N, Masayo U, (2007) . The role of personalities in the Marital Adjustment  of Japanese couples. Social Behaviour & personality 35 (4) 651- 672
Daire, A. P., Dominguez, V. N., Carlson, R. G., & Case-Pease, J. (2014). Family adjustment measure: Scale construction and validation. Measurement and Evaluation in Counseling and Development, 47(2), 91-101.‏
Esmaeli, Z., &Moghadam, M. (2011). Effect of Moral Intelligence on Leadership. European Journal of Economics, Finance and Administrative Sciences,(43),6-11.
Fabio, A. D. (2012). Emotional intellgnce-new perspectives and applications. Croatia: InTech Janeza Trdine
Filipović, S. & Vukosavljevi -Gvozden, T & Opa i, G. (2015). Irrational Beliefs, Dysfunctional Emotions, and Marital Adjustment: A Structural Model. Journal of Family, (37). 10.1177/0192513X15572384
Gino, F., Schweitzer, M. E., Mead, N. L., & Ariely, D. (2011). Unable to resist temptation: How self-control depletion promotes unethical behavior. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 115(2), 191-203.‏ 
Jennings E. A. (2016). Predictors of Marital Dissolution During a Period of Rapid Social Change: Evidence from South Asia. Demography, 53(5), 1351–1375. doi:10.1007/s13524-016-0504-8
Jin, C. C., Zhao, B. B., &Zou, H. (2019). Chinese delinquent and non-delinquent juveniles: An exploration of the relations among interparental intimacy, interparental conflict, filial piety and interpersonal adjustment. Children and Youth Services Review, 103, 148-155.‏
Karakus, M., & Toprak, M.(2018). Teachers’ Moral Intelligence: A Scale Adaptation into Turkish and Preliminary Evidence. European Journal of Educational Research,(4),901-911.
Koustelios, A., (2018). The effect of moral intelligence on teachers' ability to conflict management. Journal of Leadership Academy, 17(3), 392-416.
Lee, Y., R Richards, K., & Washhburn, N. (2020). Emotional Intelligence, Job Satisfaction, Emotional Exhaustion, and Subjective Well-Being in High School Athletic Directors. Psychological Reports, 123(6), 2418–2440
Nwosu, J. (2010). Impact of joint account on marital adjustment of working class husband and wives in nsukka urban. Amasters thesis, university of nigeria
Saleh, K.(2018). Moral Intelligence and its Role in Formulating Children Characters. Multi-Knowledge Electronic Comprehensive. Journal For Education And Science Publications (MECSJ),(7),301,313.
Steinbuchel, P. and Prager, L. (2012) . The parents We mean to be: How well- intentioned adult undermine children’s moral and emotional development, the moral intelligence of children How to raise a moral child, Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry,51 (2) ,227- 228.
Vashisht, S., &Tanwar, K. C. (2018). Juvenile Delinquents:" A Cause for concern" Role of Family Environment, Life Satisfaction & Resilience in Juvenile Delinquents. Journal of Psychosocial Research, 13(2), 389-397.‏
Whisman, M. A., Rhee, S. H., Hink, L., Boeldt, D. L., & Johnson, D. P. (2013). Genetic and Environmental Influences on the Association between Subjective Well-Being and Marital Adjustment. Couple & family psychology, 3(1), 48–64. doi:10.1037/cfp0000008