Abu Samra, Mahmoud Ahmed & Al-Titi, Muhammad Abdul-Ilah (2020). Scientific research methods from clarification to empowerment, Amman, Dar Al-Yazurdi.
Abu Sharha, Majid bin Muhammad & Al-Sarihi, Hassan bin Awad (2017). Information Governance of Social Networks in Information Institutions, Twenty-Eighth Conference: Social Networks and their Impact on Information Institutions in the Arab World, Arab Federation for Libraries and Information, Cairo.
Ahmed, Majd Essam (2012). The readiness of local administrations to adopt electronic governance: a case study in the Nineveh Governorate Office,” Journal of Administration and Economics, vol. 35, No. 93.
ESCWA (2014). E-Government Applied Policies and Strategies, Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia, United Nations.
Al-Bahtiti, Abdul Rahim Al-Shahat (2007). Financial risks in the payment system in electronic commerce as one of the challenges facing banking systems, King Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia, King Abdulaziz University Journal: Economics and Management.
Bakhit, Haider Nima (2011). International classifications of universities and the location of Arab and Iraqi universities among them, Al-Ghari Journal of Economic and Administrative Sciences, University of Kufa, Iraq, No. 20.
Ministerial Infrastructure Development Program (2014). UAE, available at the following website: (moid-gov.ae).
Bashir, Al-Alaf (2009). Foundations of Modern Management: Theories and Concepts, Amman: Al-Bazouri Scientific House.
Al-Beltagy, Iman Kamel Abdel Hamid (2022). Obstacles to implementing electronic governance at Menoufia University and ways to overcome them, Journal of the Faculty of Education, Menoufia University, vol. 37, No. 1.
Boumsbah, Safia & Tanah, Rani (2016). The readiness of local administrations to adopt e-governance: a field study at the Bordj Bou Arreridj state headquarters, Journal of Development Research and Studies, Mohamed Bachir Ibrahimi University, Bordj Bou Arreridj - Faculty of Economic, Commercial and Management Sciences, Laboratory of Studies and Research in Rural Development.
Beyah, Iman, et al. (2017). A reading of the qualitative leap recorded for Algerian universities in the webometrics 2015 classification, does this raise caveats?, research presented to the Seventh Arab International Conference for Quality Assurance in Higher Education, held from February 20 to 22, Assiut University.
Gad Al-Rab, Sayed Muhammad (2010). Organizational Ethics and Social Responsibility in Modern Business Organizations, Cairo, Library of Arab Thought.
Gad Al-Rab, Sayed Muhammad (2013). Management Information Systems: Fundamentals and Administrative Applications, Cairo, Library of Arab Thought.
Al-Azhar University, Information and Documentation Center, Information and Statistics Department, Statistical Bulletin, statement of the numbers of faculty members present in the academic year 2022/2023 AD.
Jafta, Sanaa (2017). The role of university governance in improving the quality of higher education from the perspective of relevant parties, a case study of the University of Setif, Master’s thesis, Faculty of Economic Sciences, University of Setif, Algeria.
Jumaa, Muhammad Jumaa Ali (2020). Electronic governance requirements for developing social welfare services for civil society organizations, Journal of Studies in Social Service and Human Sciences, No. 52, Volume 2.
Arab Republic of Egypt (2014). Law No. 103 of 1961 regulating Al-Azhar and the bodies included within it, its executive regulations and complementary laws, Cairo: Dar Al-Fikr Al-Arabi for Publishing and Distribution, Article (2).
Jamil, Ahmed & Safir, Muhammad (2011). Excellence in performance: what it is and how it can be achieved in organizations. Complex of interventions of the Second International Forum on the Distinguished Performance of Organizations and Governments, 2nd edition.
Khalis, Maryam (2013). Electronic Government, Journal of the Baghdad University College of Economic Sciences, Special Issue of the College Conference.
Dahan, Muhammad (2017). Higher Education in the Arab World, Studies in Educational Sciences, University of Jordan, Jordan, Volume 44, Special Issue.
Al-Dahshan, Jamal Ali Khalil (2020). Implementing electronic governance in our Arab University: justifications, requirements, challenges, Scientific Journal of Educational Sciences and Mental Health, Scientific Foundation for Educational Sciences, Technology, and Special Education, Volume 2, No. 2.
Al-Dahshan, Gamal Ali Khalil & Jadallah, Bassem Suleiman (2020). A proposed vision for the requirements for implementing electronic governance at Assiut University in light of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, Educational Journal, Faculty of Education, Sohag University, vol. 79.
Al-Duwailah, Abeer Eid (2012). The educational role of Kuwait University professors in facing the challenges of cultural globalization, Educational Journal, vol. 26, no. 104, vol. 1, Kuwait.
Al-Rai, Asmaa Issa Annab (2021). The reality of applying electronic governance in Jordanian public universities and its relationship to the administrative empowerment of faculty members from their point of view. Master's thesis, Middle East University, Faculty of Educational Sciences.
Ragab, Mustafa & Azazi, Faten Muhammad (2016). The relationship between academic information justice and the global academic classification of universities: an exploratory study, Journal of Culture and Development, Culture for Development Association in Sohag, vol. 16, p. 100.
Rashid, Saleh Abdul Redha & Al-Zayadi, Sabah Hussein (2014). The role of intellectual capital in achieving outstanding university performance, an analytical study of the opinions of university leaders in a sample of colleges at Al-Qadisiyah University. Al-Qadisiyah Journal of Administrative and Economic Sciences, Vol. (16), No. (3).
Reda, Ismail & Saleh, Taqi (2018). An analytical study of the reality of implementing the e-governance program at the Baghdad Sub-Tennis Federation. Journal of the College of Physical Education, University of Baghdad, Volume (30), Issue (3).
Radwan, Hanan (2013). The internationalization of higher education: benefits and caveats. Available at the link: http://neweducatorshananradwan.blogspot.com/2013/03/internationalization-of-higher.html dated 4/11/2023 AD.
Radwan, Abdul Rahman Abu Al-Majd (2006). Private university education “Reality and Challenges of the Future”, World of Books, Cairo.
Zaki, Iman Abdel Mohsen (2009). Electronic Government: An Integrated Administrative Approach, Cairo: Arab Organization for Administrative Development.
Al-Salmi, Alaa & Al-Dabbagh, Riyad (2001). Management Information Technologies, Dar Wael, Amman.
Silalti, Rima (2018). Governance and Strategic Planning in Lebanese Universities, Journal of the Association of Arab Universities for Research in Higher Education, vol. 38,No. 2.
Shahid, Elias (2016). Evaluating the experience of implementing e-government in Algeria. Algerian Journal of Accounting and Financial Studies, No.3.
Al-Sharif, Omar Ahmed Abu Hashem, et al. (2013). Electronic Administration: An Introduction to Modern Educational Administration, Amman, Jordan: Dar Al-Mahraj for Publishing and Distribution.
Abdel-Jawad, Widad Sami (2023). Electronic governance for professional development in light of quality standards. Arab Journal of Informatics and Information Security, Arab Foundation for Education, Science and Arts, Egypt, Volume (4), No. 10.
Abdel Hamid, Asmaa Abdel Fattah (2014). Quality assurance units in the faculties of Al-Azhar University between reality and hopes, “A proposed vision for development”, Journal of the Educational Studies Sector at Al-Azhar University, No. 4, Part 1.
Al-Arini, Manal (2014). The reality of applying governance from the point of view of members of the administrative and academic bodies working at Imam Muhammad bin Saud Islamic University, International Specialized Educational Journal, Volume (3), No. 12.
Atta, Abdul Qadir Muhammad (2008). The role of some media in demolishing the values of Islam, Yearbook of the Teachers College in Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, No. 12.
Alaa Al-Din, Raslan (2020). Applied Research in Contemporary Management, Damascus, Raslan House for Printing, Publishing and Distribution.
Al-Enezi, Saud bin Eid (2015). Developing the internationalization of Saudi university education in light of the experiences of some countries, Education Journal, Al-Azhar University, No. 163, Part 2.
Aoun, Wafa Muhammad, et al. (2017). Developing the performance of Saudi universities in international classifications to achieve the Kingdom’s Vision 2030 (the Canadian experience as a model), International Specialized Educational Journal, Volume (6), No. 5.
Issa, Muhammad Hussein (2021). Requirements for implementing electronic governance in the Ministry of Civil Service and Insurance in the Republic of Yemen: A field study, Al-Bayda University Journal, Yemen, Volume (3), No. 3.
Al-Ghazali, Muhammad (2018). Applying e-governance to the quality of higher education by focusing on the costs of quality “An analytical study of the opinions of a sample of employees at Anbar University,” Maghreb Journal of Economics and Administration, Volume 5, Issue One.
Al-Farra, Majed (2013). The concept of governance and ways to apply it in higher education institutions, Governance of Higher Education Institutions Workshop, Accreditation and Quality Commission for Higher Education Institutions, Gaza.
Kayed, Fatima Zahra (2018). Activating the role of electronic governance in higher education institutions (a case study of Bordj Bou Arreridj University), paper presented to the educational conference “Higher Education in the Arab World: Functions and Roles in Light of the Knowledge-Based Economy”, Bordj Bou Arreridj University, Algeria.
Kafi, Mustafa (2018). Administrative reform and development between theory and practice. Damascus: Raslan House and Foundation for Printing and Publishing.
Al-Maradani, Ahmed Ramadan Tawfiq (2019). Electronic governance and its role in improving administrative performance in sports clubs in the Arab Republic of Egypt, Scientific Journal of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Faculty of Physical Education for Boys, Helwan University, No. 87.
Marzouk, Farouk (2012). Open education governance, a strategic perspective. Egypt: Anglo-Egyptian Library.
Center for Electronic Governance Studies (2009). The Importance of Governance for Electronic Government, Journal of Basra Studies, ninth year, no. 18, available at the following website:
https://www.egovconcepts.com.
Al-Mulla, Abdul Rahman Mustafa & Lafta, Abdul Salam (1996). Measuring and studying the relationship between job satisfaction, organizational performance, and management in the Rafidain Bank, Journal of Economic and Administrative Sciences, Volume (4), No. 10.
Nasser Al-Din, Yaqoub (2019). Training Governance, Amman: Middle East University.
Al-Harout, Al-Anoud Ibrahim (2018). Trends towards implementing electronic governance in Jordanian private universities and its impact on excellence in university performance: a field study, Master’s, College of Business, Middle East University, Amman, Jordan.
Al-Housh, Abu Bakr (2012). Electronic governance: reality and prospects. Cairo: Nile Arabic Publishing.
Wazir, Muhammad Shukri (2003). Challenges of globalization and their repercussions on education, Journal of the Faculty of Education, Al-Azhar University, No. 113.
ثالثاً: المراجع الأجنبية:
AL-Qatawneh, Aymn Sulieman Zamel (2015). "The Impact of Corporate Governance in Achieving Competitive Advantage - A Field Study of Jordanian Pharmaceutical Companies" European Journal of Business and Management vol.7, No.35.
Baldrige Performance Excellence Program 2011–2012 Education criteria for performance excellence Retrieved From: http://www.nist.gov/Baldrige/publications/UP load /2011-2012 education Criteria.
Bannisters, E. & Connolly, R. (2012). Defining e-governance. e-Service Journal: A Journal of Electronic Services in the Public and Private Sectors, Vol. 8, No.2.
Bhattacharya, A. K. & Suri, T. (2017). The Curious case of e - Governance. IEEE Internet Computing, Vol.21, No.1.
Chin Stephen WK. & Hung Evap W. (2004). Good Governance or Muddling Through? Layoffs and Employment Returning Socialist China, Communist and Post -Communist Studies.
Dar, S. A. (2022). Role of E-governance in Higher Education in Jammu and Kashmir. Journal of Psychology and Political Science (JPPS) ISSN 2799-1024, Vol. 2, No.4.
Dinesh, T. (2010). Universities, response to Internationalization: Case of University of Twente, is it truly International? Master Theo's, University of Twente, Netherlands.
Fallatah, Y. & Dickins, D. (2012). Corporate governance and firm performance and value in Saudi Arabia ' African Journal of Business Management, Vol.6, No. 36.
Fatile, Jacobolufemi (2002). Electronic governance: myth or opportunity for Nigerian public administration?, International journal of academic.
Freeland, C. (2016). Basel Committee Guidance on Electronic Corporate Governance for Banks, paper presented to: Corporate Governance and Reform: Paving the Way to Financial Stability and Development , a conference organized by the Egyptian Banking Institute, Cairo, May 7-8.
Heeks, R. (2001). Understanding e-governance for development. Manchester: Institute for Development Policy and Management.
Hénard, Fabrice, et al. (2012). Approaches to Internationalization and Their Implications for Strategic Management and Institutional Practice, OECD.
IAU (2012). Affirming Academic Values in Internationalization of Higher Education: A Call for Action, International Association of Universities.
Jemes E. Alt & Robert Clowry (2010). Transparency and accountability: Empirical Results for states, Journal of theoretical politics.
Johnson, B. & Larry C. (2013). Educational Research: Quantitative, Qualitative, and Mixed Approaches, (5th ed.), USA.
Kalsi, N. S.; Kiran, R. & Vaidya, S. C. (2009). Effective e-governance for good governance in India. International Review of Business Research Papers, Vol. 5, No.1.
Lanvin, Bruno (2002). The E-government hand book for developing countries, A project of info Dev and the center for Democracy and technology.
Lipman, F.D. & Lipman, L.K. (2016). "Corporate governance best practices: Strategies for Public, Private, and Not-for-Profit Organizations" John Wiley and Sons.
Lopez, Silvana & Tecco, Claudio (2003). "The role of formal institutions and informality in governance." Paper before the Second Ar- Administration of Public Administration "Rebuilding Statehood institutions and governance" Cördoba, November 27-29.
Madon, S. (2009). E-Governance for Development. The -Governance for Development, Palgrave Macmillan, London.
Mahbubur, Md. Rahman (2012). "An Effective Framework for Implementing Electronic Governance in Developing Countries: Bangladesh Perspective", IJCIT, Vol. 3, Issue 1.
Marguerite G., et al. (2006). Methods in educational research: from theory to practice, New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Mayntz, R. (2003). From government to governance: Political steering in modern societies. Summer Academy on IPP.
Minh, Quang Duong (2013). Internationalization of The Curriculum in Vietnamese Higher Education: Evidence trom Vietnam National University of Hanoi, Journal of Education and Sociology, Vol.4, No. 2.
Mitra, S. (2010). Internationalization of Education in India: Emerging Trends and Strategies, Asian Social Science, Vol. 6, No. 6.
Muthuselvi, L. & Ramganesh, E. (2019). e-Governance in Higher Education: Models, Benefits, Impact and Initiatives, Education, Computer Science, Political Science.
NAFSA. (2011). Contribution to Internationalization of Higher Education, Available at:
https://www.nafsa.org -File/ /2011_isn, contribution pdf ?
Nginyo, J. M.; Ngui, T. K. & Ntale, J. F. (2018). Cooperate Governance Practices and Competitive Advantage of Kenolkobil Company Limited, Kenya International Journal of Business & Law Research, Vol. 6, No. 3.
Ngwa, P. (2023). E-Governance and Cameroon Universities’ Management. International Journal of Scientific Advances, Vol. 4, No. 2.
Ordorika, Imanol (2015). Rankings universities, Journal of Revista de la Educación Superior, Vol.44, Issue 173.
Pacific council on international policy (2002). The western partner of the council on foreigner relations , Road map for E-government in the developing world: questions E-government Leaders should Ask Themselves, The working Group on E-government in the developing world, April.
Paul, S. (2007). A case study of E-governance initiatives in India. The International Information & Library Review, Vol. 39, No. 3-4.
Schoorman, Dilys (2000). How is Internationalization Implemented? A Framework for Organizational Practice, Paper on Internationalization, ERIC, ED444426.
Seddiky, Assraf (2015). Application of E-Governance in Education Sector to Enhance the Quality of Education and Human Resource Development in Bangladesh, European Scientific Journal February edition, Vol.22, No.1.
Shrivastava, R.; Raizada K. & Saxena, N. (2014). Role of E-governance to Strengthen Higher Education System in India. Journal of Research & Method in Education (IOSR-JRME),Vol. 4, No. 2.
Williamson, O. E. (2009). The Mechanism of Governance' Oxford University Press.
رابعاً: روابط المواقع الإلكترونية:
https://www.timeshighereducation.com/world-university-rankings
: مجلة علمية محکمة للبحوث التربوية والنفسية والاجتماعية', './data/jsrep/coversheet/cover_en.jpg'))
مشاهدة على SCiNiTO