Internationalization of Al-Azhar education: A Historical Study

Abdel Hafez, Tharwat Abdel Hameed; Abdel Motajali, Mohammed Ali Mohammed

doi:10.21608/jsrep.2022.325046

Internationalization of Al-Azhar education: A Historical Study

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

Department of Management, Planning and Comparative Studies, Faculty of Education, Al-Azhar University.

10.21608/jsrep.2022.325046

Abstract

Based on the results of some foreign studies that conducted on the internationalization of education and indicated that most of its literature focuses only on specific Western environments (Europe, the United States), and ignores other environments and institutions that may have a different perception of the internationalization of education, This research aims at investigating the forms of internationalization at Al-Azhar Al-Shereif throughout its successive history periods, besides the most important factors influencing their emergence. Consequently, the research adopted the longitudinal method in the historical study, utilizing document analysis as a method of historical studies. The results indicated variety of forms of internationalization at Al-Azhar Al-Shereif, starting from the internationalization of teachers, the internationalization of students, the internationalization of education management, the internationalization of certificates, the internationalization of the supervision and control process, the internationalization of curricula, the internationalization of study systems, the internationalization of scientific evaluation practices, finally the internationalization of financing mechanisms. Also, the results indicated variety of factors influencing the occurrence of these forms, including religious, political, economic, geographic, demographic, academic, social and organizational factors, in addition to the urbanization factor that characterized Cairo at some historic periods. In order to improve the current internationalization of Al-Azhar education, the research recommends prevailing the culture of internationalization among faculty members at university and pre-university education, formulating a plan for internal and external marketing of internationalization, formulating a map to restore the forms of internationalization that was famous at Al-Azhar as the sheikh / visiting professor, Sheikh Al-Amoud, Academic accreditation, scientific debates, scientific seminars, in addition to facilitating endowment funding mechanisms.

Keywords

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