The internationalization of education in the Islamic educational heritage and its contemporary applications (Al-Azhar Al-Sharif as a model)

Document Type : Original Article

Author

Lecturer in Department of Islamic Education - Faculty of Education - Al-Azhar University

Abstract

The Islamic educational heritage is abounds in many visions and ideas that can be utilized in studying the issue of internationalization of education, deriving its results, and working on its application in Egyptian educational institutions, especially since one of the main features of Islamic educational thought is its penetration of the boundaries of time and space. In addition, the journey in seeking knowledge was in the past from the most necessary path for the learner who is looking for quality education and wants to explore his knowledge, or wants to receive knowledge at the hands of trusted scholars and obtain it from its original sources. Moreover, the uniqueness of Muslim scholars and their distinction in various sciences, especially in the Umayyad and Abbasid eras, made them a destination for scholars and students of knowledge on both come to them from everywhere.
Based on the above, the study aimed to reveal the philosophy and approaches of the internationalization of education in the Islamic educational heritage. In addition, the study aimed to reveal how this intellectual heritage can be used in applying it to educational institutions in Egypt, especially the Al-Azhar Al-Sharif Foundation. Internationalizing education throughout history and in contemporary reality, and working to develop a future vision to enhance and strengthen this role.
The study used the historical method in order to study the issue of internationalization of education in the Islamic educational heritage, and to benefit from it in understanding the present and planning. The study also used the Delphi method as one of the appropriate methods for future studies.
The study reached several results, the most important of which are: 1. The thinkers of Islamic education put forward many ideas that can be used in the internationalization of education, such as Ibn Khaldun, Al-Zarnouji, Al-Ghazali... and others. 2. Al-Azhar Al-Sharif had a pioneering and civilized role throughout history in the internationalization Education through receiving foreign students, sending envoys, and establishing Al-Azhar institutes outside Egypt. 3. Internationalization of education has become a global indicator of the quality of education provided by educational institutions.

Keywords

References

  1. Second: the study references in the English language

    The Holy Quran

    Sunnah references:

    1. Ibn Majah, Abu Abdullah Muhammad bin Yazid Al-Qazwini: Al-Sunan, Cairo, Dar 'iihya' alkutub alearabia, 2009.
    2. Al-Tirmidhi, Muhammad bin Issa bin Sura bin Musa bin Al-Dahhak: Cairo, 2nd Edition, Mustafa Al-Babi Al-Halabi Press, 1395 AH - 1975 AD.

    dictionaries:

    1. Ibn Manzoor, Muhammad bin Makram bin Ali: Lisan Al Arab, 3rd Edition, Beirut, Dar Sader, 1414 AH
    2. Mugamma allugha al arabia: Al-Mujam Al-Waseet, Cairo, Dar Al-Da`wa, 1427 AH.

    Heritage books:

    1. Ibn Abi Asaba, Ahmed bin Al-Qasim bin Khalifa bin Younes Al-Khazraji: euyun al'anba' fe Tabaqat Al-Tibaa, Beirut, Dar Al-Hayat Library, 1425 AH.
    2. Ibn Al-Bitar, Abu Muhammad Abdullah bin Ahmed: aljamie limufradat al'adwiat wal'aghdhia, Cairo, the Egyptian General Book Organization, 1995 AD.
    3. Ibn al-Jawzi, Jamal al-Din Abu al-Faraj Abd al-Rahman bin Ali bin Muhammad: almuntazim fi tarikh al'umam walmuluk, Beirut, Dar al-Kutub al-Ilmiyyah, 1992 AD.
    4. ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ talbis 'iiblis, bayrut, dar alfikr for Printing and Publishing, 2001AD.
    5. Ibn Jubayr, Muhammad ibn Ahmad ibn Jubayr al-Kinani al-Andalusi: rihla Ibn Jubayr, 2nd Edition, Beirut, dar wamaktabat alhilal.
    6. Ibn Hajar Al-Asqalani, Abu Al-Fadl Ahmed Bin Ali: al'iisabat fi tamyiz alsahaba, Beirut, Dar Al-Kutub Al-Ilmiyyah, 1415 AH.
    7. Ibn Hazm, Abu Muhammad Ali bin Ahmed bin Saeed bin Hazm Al-Andalusi Al-Qurtubi Al-Zahiri: al'akhlaq walsayr fi mudawat alnufus, 2nd edition, Beirut, Dar Al-Afaq Al-Jadeeda, 1979AD.
    8. Ibn Khatima Al-Ansari: tahsil gharad alqasid fi tafsil almarad alwafid, Tunisia, the Tunisian Academy of Sciences, Arts and Letters, 2013 AD.
    9. Ibn Khaldun, Abd al-Rahman bin Muhammad al-Hadrami: almuqadima, Beirut, Dar al-Fikr, 1981 AD.
    10. Ibn Khalkan, Abu al-Abbas Shams al-Din Ahmad bin Muhammad bin Ibrahim bin Abi Bakr: wafayaat al'aeyan wa'anba' 'abna' alzaman, Beirut, Dar Sader, 1994.
    11. Ibn Rushd Al-Hafid, Abu Al-Walid Muhammad bin Ahmed bin Muhammad bin Ahmed bin Rushd Al-Qurtubi: Fasl Al-Maqal, 2nd edition, Cairo, Dar Al-Maarif, 1983 AD.
    12. Ibn Sahnoun, Muhammad bin Abdullah: adab almuealimin, Tunisia, Dar Al-Kutub Al-Sharqiya, 1972 AD.
    13. Ibn Saad, Muhammad bin Saad bin Manea Al-Zuhri: Al-Tabaqat Al-Kubra, Cairo, Al-Khanji Library, 2001 AD.
    14. Ibn Salam, Abu Ubaid al-Qasim bin Abdullah al-Harawi al-Baghdadi: alnaasikh walmansukh fi alquran aleaziz wama fih min alfarayid walsunan, 2nd edition, Riyadh, Al-Rushd Library, 1997AD.
    15. Ibn Sina, Al-Hussein bin Abdullah bin Al-Hassan bin Ali: alqanun fi altibi, Beirut, Dar Al-Kutub Al-Alami, 1999 AD.
    16. Ibn Asaker, Abu Al-Qasim Ali Bin Al-Hassan Bin Hibat Allah: The History of Damascus, Damascus, Dar Al-Fikr, 1995 AD.
    17. Al-Isfahani, Abu Naim Ahmed bin Abdullah: hilyat al'awlia' watabaqat al'asfia', Cairo, Dar Al-Saada, 1974 AD.
    18. Al-Baghdadi, Abu Bakr Ahmed bin Ali bin Thabit bin Ahmed bin Mahdi Al-Khatib: alrihlat fi talab alhadith, Beirut, Dar Al-Kutub Al-Ilmiya, 1395 AH.
    19. Al-Balansi, Abu Abdullah Muhammad bin Ali: tafsir mubhamat alquran, Beirut, Dar Al-Gharb Al-Islami, 1991 AD.
    20. Al-Biruni, Abu Al-Rayhan Muhammad bin Ahmad Al-Biruni Al-Khwarizmi: tahqiq ma lilhind min maqulat maqbulat fi aleaql 'aw mardhula, 2nd edition, Beirut, ealam alkutub, 1403 AH.
    21. Al-Jazari, Abu Al-Ezz bin Ismail: aljamie bayn aleilm waleamal alnaafie fi sinaeat alhial, maehad alturath alearabii, halab University, 1979 AD.
    22. Al-Dhahabi, Shams al-Din Muhammad bin Ahmad bin Othman: sayr 'aelam alnubala', 3rd edition, Beirut, muasasat alrisala, 1985AD.
    23. Al-Sobky, Taj al-Din Abd al-Wahhab ibn Taqi al-Din: Tabaqat al-Shafi’i al-Kubra, 2nd edition, Giza, Egypt, Dar Hajar for printing, publishing and distribution, 1413 AH.
    24. Al-Sakhawi, Shams al-Din Abu al-Khair Muhammad bin Abdul Rahman bin Muhammad bin Abi Bakr bin Othman bin Muhammad: aljawahir waldarar fi tarjamat shaykh al'iislam abn hajar, Beirut, Dar Ibn Hazm for printing, publishing and distribution, 1999 AD.
    25. Al-Suyuti, Abd al-Rahman bin Abi Bakr, Jalal al-Din: tarikh alkhulafa, Makkah Al-Mukarramah, Nizar Mustafa Al-Baz Library, 1425 AH.
    26. Al-Ghazali, Abu Hamid Muhammad bin Muhammad Al-Ghazali Al-Tusi: 'iihya' eulum aldiyn, Beirut, Dar Al-Maarifa, 2004 AD.
    27. Qadi Shahba, Abu Bakr bin Ahmed bin Muhammad bin Omar Al-Asadi for Damascus: Tabaqat Al-Shafi’i, Beirut, ealam alkutub, 1407 AH.
    28. Judge Ayyad, Abu al-Fadl ibn Musa: tartib almadarik wataqrib almasalik, Morocco, Fadalah Library, 1965 AD.
    29. . Al-Maqri, Shihab al-Din Ahmad bin Muhammad: nafah altayib min ghusn al'andalus alratib, Beirut, Dar Sader, 1997 AD.
    30. . Al-Maqrizi, Ahmed bin Ali bin Abdul Qadir: almawaeiz waliaetibar bidhikr alkhutat waluathar, Beirut, Dar Al-Kutub Al-Ilmiyyah, 1418 AH.

    Arabic references:

    1. Ahmed, Ibrahim Ahmed: International Education, Cairo, Dar Al-Fikr Al-Arabi, 2012 AD.
    2. Al-Azhar Al-Sharif: Al-Azhar, its history and development, prepared by a committee of scholars of Al-Azhar Al-Sharif, Cairo, Al-Shaab Press, 1964 AD.
    3. Jaber, Jaber Abdel-Hamid, and Kazem, Ahmed Khairy: Research Methods in Education and Psychology, Cairo, Dar Al-Nahda Al-Arabiya, 1973 AD.
    4. Al-Haddad, Muhammad Hamza Ismail: Sultan Qalawun: Cairo, Madbouly Library, 1998 AD.
    5. Khalil, Nabil Saad: International Education, Dar Al-Fajr for Publishing and Distribution, Cairo, 2013AD.
    6. Al-Dakhil, Hamad bin Nasser: Among the scholars of Islamic Civilization, Riyadh, 1414 AH.
    7. Rifai, Faisal Al-Rawi and others: The development of Islamic educational thought, Kuwait, Al-Falah Library, 2000 AD.
    8. Al-Zarkali, Khairuddin bin Mahmoud bin Muhammad bin Ali bin Faris: Al-Alam, Beirut, Dar Al-Ilm for Millions, 2002 AD.
    9. Touqan, Qadri: Science among the Arabs, Cairo, maktabat misr, 1956 AD.
    10. . Emara, Muhammad: Intellectual invasion illusion or reality, Cairo, Dar Al-Shorouk, 1989 AD.
    11. Amayreh, Muhammad Hassan: Fundamentals of historical, social, psychological and philosophical education, Jordan, Dar Al Masirah, 2002AD.
    12. Morsi, Mohamed Mounir: Islamic education, its origins and development in the Arab countries, Cairo, The World of Books, 2005AD.

     

    1. Al-Maidani, Abd al-Rahman bin Hassan Habankah: Islamic civilization, its foundations, its means, images of Muslim applications of it, and glimpses of its impact on all nations, Damascus, Dar Al-Qalam, 1998 AD.
    2. ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــkawashif ziuf,, 2nd edition, Damascus, Dar Al-Qalam, 1991AD.
    3. Nafisi, Saeed: almadrasat alnizamiatin Baghdad, Beirut, the Lebanese University, 1967AD.
    4. alnamlatu,, Ali bin Ibrahim Al-Hamad: Transmission and Translation in Islamic Civilization, Riyadh, 2004 AD.

    Arabized references:

    1. Will Durant: The Story of Civilization, Beirut, Dar Al-Jeel, 1981AD.
    2. Gustave Le Bon: Arab Civilization, Beirut, dar 'iihya' alturath alearabi,, 1979AD.

    Scientific studies and research:

    1. Suleiman, Hemaya Muhammad Gomaa: Problems of envoys from Al-Azhar Al-Sharif to some non-Arabic-speaking African countries and a suggested paradym to confront them, unpublished master's thesis, College of Education, Al-Azhar University, 2017AD.
    2. Shaheen, Naglaa Ahmed Mohamed: A Suggested paradigm for the development of Egyptian higher education in view of the requirements of internationalization of education, PhD Thesis, Faculty of Education, Benha University, 2020AD.
    3. . Al-Amiri, Abdullah bin Muhammad Ali: Requirements for the internationalization of higher education as an introduction to achieving global leadership for Saudi universities, “A Suggested paradigm” PhD Thesis, College of Education, Umm Al-Qura University, 1434 AH.
    4. . Adwan, Nariman Fadl: Features of Cultural Openness in Islamic Educational Thought, Master Thesis, College of Education, Gaza University, 2008AD.
    5. Qudah, Abdullah Karim: A Suggested paradigm for the requirements of internationalizing education in Jordanian public universities to achieve global competitiveness, Ph.D thesis, College of Graduate Studies, University of Jordan, 2015AD.

    Periodicals and Scientific Journals:

    1. Amin, Hussain: The education system in Al-Mustansiriya School, p. 1, Journal of the College of Arts, University of Baghdad, 1959 AD.
    2. Al-Buhairi, Al-Sayed Al-Sayed Mahmoud: A Suggested strategy for the expansion of Al-Azhar university education in view of modern higher education formulas and local and global variables, Vol. 42, p. 3, University of Jordan, Journal of Educational Sciences Studies, 2015AD.
    3. . Al-Barbary, Mohamed Ahmed Awad: Digital Transformation and the Requirements for the Internationalization of Higher Education Institutions in Egypt and Finland, A Comparative Study, p. 12, Journal of the Faculty of Education, Sohag University, 2022AD.
    4. Hassan, Hassan Abdullah: Methodology for Dealing with the Islamic Educational Heritage "Analytical Study", p. 61, Cairo, Journal of Arab Studies in Education and Psychology, 2015AD.
    5. Hussein, Abd al-Qawi Abd al-Ghani Muhammad: The Mission of Teachers in the Prophet’s Testament, p. 80, Journal of the College of Education, Al-Azhar University, 1999 AD.
    6. Abdel Hafez, Tharwat Abdel Hamid: Recent trends in the internationalization of university education and the possibility of benefiting from it in Egypt, p 167, Journal of the College of Education, Al-Azhar University, 2016 AD.
    7. Abdul Qadir, Maha Muhammad Ahmed: The Internationalization of Al-Azhar University Education in view of the Knowledge-Based Economy from the Point of View of Faculty Members, Part 1, College of Education, King Khalid University, 2016 AD.

     

    1. Al-Attas, Talib bin Saleh bin Hassan: Principles of International Education from an Islamic Perspective, p. 33, 2016, Journal of Studies in University Education, Faculty of Education, Ain Shams University, 2016AD.
    2. Ali, Saeed Ismail: The Islamic educational speech, from the series Kitab al-Ummah, p. 100, Qatar, Ministry of Awqaf and Islamic Affairs, 1425 AH.
    3. Ghanem, Essam Jamal Selim: Contemporary Global Trends in the Internationalization of Higher Education, Vol. 23, p. 23, Journal of Educational Sciences, College of Education in Qena, 2015AD.
    4. Lamea, Zakry: Cultural Life in Andalusia during the 7th-9th Centuries, pp. 18, Cairo, Kan Historical Periodical, 2012AD.
    5. Momani, Muhammad Sheikh Muhammad Al-Khidr Hussein: His Life and Occupations: P. 24, Al-Tanweer Magazine, Al-Zaytoonah University, 2020 AD.
    6. . Hindi, Osama Mohsen Mahmoud: Evaluation of the distance education experience at the Faculty of Islamic Sciences for expatriates at Al-Azhar University: a case study, p. 29, Journal of the Faculty of Specific Education, Minia University, 2020.

    Statistics and Decisions:

    1. Al-Azhar Al-Sharif: Sector of the Office of His Eminence the Grand Imam, Center for Information, Documentation and Decision-Making Support, a numerical census of foreign students studying in Al-Azhar Al-Sharif from countries of the world for the academic year 2022 AD.
    2. Al-Azhar Al-Sharif: Sector of the Office of His Eminence the Grand Imam, Center for Information, Documentation and Decision-Making Support, a numerical census of the envoys from Al-Azhar to the countries of the world for the academic year 2022 AD.
    3. Resolution No. (134-A) dated 7/10/2018 AD regarding the establishment of the Al-Azhar International Academy for training imams, preachers and fatwa researchers.
    4. . majmae albuhuth al'iislamia, General Administration of Islamic Missions, statement of the foreign institutes supervised by Al-Azhar Al-Sharif in the countries of the world.

    Internet sites:

    1. The official website of the World Organization of Al-Azhar graduateshttps://waag-azhar.org
    2. The official website of marsad al'azhar, https://www.azhar.eg.

    ثالثا: المراجع الأجنبية

    Third: Foreign references

    1. Aggelis, Kavasakalis, & Theodora Gkiza, "European Higher Education Arwa, Internationalization and students, Mobility in 21st century" Advances in Sicial sciences Research Jornal, vol, 9 No.2, 2022.
    2. Knight, j (2004),Internationalization Remolded Definition,Approaches and Rationales. Journal of Studies in International Education,8, (1).5-31.
    3. Robsin &Wihlbirg, M (2019), Iktrenationalisation of higher education: Impacts, challenges and possibilities, European Educational Reaseach Journal. 18 (2).
    4. Samuel, Paul (2014). Internationalization of Higher Education: Strategic Implications. Economic & Political Weekly, Volxliv(9).

     

التربية (الأزهر): مجلة علمية محکمة للبحوث التربوية والنفسية والاجتماعية
Volume 41, Issue 196
عدد خاص (الجزء الثاني)
December 2022
Pages 1-69

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics