Abdel Aziz, Mohamed Ibrahim (2021): Proposed mechanisms to support international alliances in the research performance of Egyptian universities by benefiting from the method of virtual research teams, Journal of the College of Education , Ain Shams University, Part One, (45), 15-143.
Abdel-Al, Doaa (2016): Evidence of what do we know about building alliances? Cairo, Friedrich Ebert Publishing Foundation (Egypt Office).
Arab Republic of Egypt, Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research (2022) : A protocol between four universities to launch an alliance of smart private universities , available at
https://m.youm7.com/story/2021/12/8/Accessed on 25/12/2022
Bdir, Al-Metwaly Ismail (2020): Requirements for the digitization of Egyptian universities in light of some international experiences, Journal of University Performance Development ,1(12), 267-308.
Daouda , Mohamed and Suleiman, Dlovan (2014): The Role of Strategic Alliances in Enhancing the Entrepreneurial Orientation of the Organization " A Field Study " Zakho University Journal, 2(2), 434-451.
Dashli, Kamal (2016): Scientific Research Methodology, University of Hama, Syria, Directorate of University Books and Publications.
Elhais , Abdel Wahhab & Elsabbty, Obeida ( 2019): The digital knowledge society and its role in developing scientific creativity, “Modern visions for learning and research ,” Arab Journal of Literature and Human Studies,(6), 1-32.
Kleiman, Sarah Gran (2017): Digital Learning (Education and Skills in the Digital Age) , Rand Corporation andCorsham Institute Publishing.
Muhammad, Hisham Bayoumi (2017): Requirements for implementing a strategic information system for university administration at Al-Azhar University , unpublished PhD thesis, College of Education for Boys in Cairo, Al-Azhar University.
Muhammad, Reda Jamal (2022): A proposed vision for the development of administrative communication at Al-Azhar University in the light of the introduction to electronic management , an unpublished master's thesis, Faculty of Education for Boys, Al-Azhar University.
Rizk, Mohamed Abdel-Hamid (2021): Developing the Faculties of Education at Al-Azhar University in light of the strategic management approach , an unpublished doctoral dissertation, Faculty of Education, Yanin, Al-Azhar University.
المراجع الأجنبية:
.
Atiyah, Z. S. (2021). The Role of Technological and Marketing capabilities in achieving Innovation Ambidexterity: Analytical study of the opinions of a sample administrative Managers in the private banks in the middle Euphrates Cities. AL-Qadisiyah Journal For Administrative and Economic sciences, 23(1), 1-15.
Balyk, N., & et al,. (2020). The digital capabilities model of university teachers in the educational activities context. ICTERI Workshops 2020, 1097-1112.
Barman, A. (2015). Global Alliance Approach for Effectiveness of Higher Education In Business Studies-a Case Approach. IBA Business Review, 10(1), 167-187.
Ben Youssef, A., Dahmani, M., & Ragni, L. (2022). ICT use, digital skills and students’ academic performance: exploring the digital divide. Information, 13(3), 13-129.
Burke,J. & Evans,C.(2020): Digital Capabilities Framework .THE FUTURE IS DIGITAL, University of Tasmania,Australian.
Campos, S., & et al, (2020). The link between intellectual capital and business performance: a mediation chain approach. Journal of Intellectual Capital, 23(2), 401-419.
Chais, C., Ganzer, P. P., & Olea, P. M. (2018). Technology transfer between universities and companies: two cases of Brazilian universities. Innovation & Management Review, 15(1), 20-40.
Claussen, C. (2022). The European Universities Initiative: Unpacking Decision-Making in Higher Education Alliances [Unpublished master's thesis]. University of Agder.
De Moortel, K., & Crispeels, T. (2018). International university-university technology transfer: Strategic management framework. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 135, 145-155.
Ebel, K. (2022). Student Representatives' Perceived Effectiveness of their Engagement in European University Alliances' Governance Structures [Unpublished master's thesis]. Utrecht University.
Elphick, M. (2018). The impact of embedded iPad use on student perceptions of their digital capabilities. Education Sciences, 8(3), 4-11.
Farooqui,A,(2020): DIGITAL CAPABILITIES AND SKILLS IN EDUCATION , International Journal of Advanced Research in Commerce, Management & Social Science (IJARCMSS), 3(4), 127-130.
Georghiou, L., & Harper, J. C. (2015). Mergers and Alliances in Context. In A. Curaj, L. Georghiou, J. C. Harper, & E. Egron-Polak (eds.), Mergers and Alliances in Higher Education: International Practice and Emerging Opportunities (pp. 1-14). Springer International Publishing AG Switzerland.
Gunn, A., & Mintrom, M. (2013). Global university alliances and the creation of collaborative advantage. Journal of Higher Education Policy and Management, 35(2), 179-192.
Harkin, S., & Hazelkorn, E. (2015). Institutional Mergers in Ireland. In A. Curaj, L. Georghiou, J. C. Harper, & E. Egron-Polak (eds.), Mergers and Alliances in Higher Education: International Practice and Emerging Opportunities (pp. 105-121). Springer International Publishing AG Switzerland.
Harrison, J., Smith, D. P., & Kinton, C. (2016). New institutional geographies of higher education: The rise of transregional university alliances. Environment and Planning A, 48(5), 910-936.
Kettunen, J. (2016). Open Innovation Alliances and Communities in Higher Education. Business Education & Accreditation, 8(1), 15-26.
Khan, J., & et al, (2019). Enhancing linkage between Knowledge Sharing and Innovation in Public Higher Education Institutions: Moderating role of Technological Capability. JRSP, 56(2), 557-564.
Khin, S., & Ho, T. C. (2018). Digital technology, digital capability and organizational performance: A mediating role of digital innovation. International Journal of Innovation Science, 11(2), 177-195
Kruss, G., & et al, (2015). Higher education and economic development: The importance of building technological capabilities. International Journal of Educational Development, 43, 22-31.
Li, X., Roberts, J., Yan, Y., & Tan, H. (2014). Knowledge sharing in China–UK higher education alliances. International Business Review, 23(2), 1-36.
Limniou, M., & et al, (2021). Learning, student digital capabilities and academic performance over the COVID-19 pandemic. Education Sciences, 11(7),361-375.
Lu, Y. Y., & et al, (2021). Strategic Alliances in Institutions of Higher Education to Promote Sustainable Development Goals: A Case Study of Two Universities in Taiwan. Annual SEAAIR Conference Proceedings, 1, 187-196.
Mader, M., & et al, (2013). Monitoring networking between higher education institutions and regional actors. Journal of Cleaner Production, 49, 105-113.
Mendoza, M. L., Santos, J. P. O., & Gavilánez, C. A. L. (2014). Strategic alliances in higher education in Ecuador: the challenge of knowledge transfer and its effect on the learning curve. Suma de Negocios, 5(12), 96-104.
Mishra, C., & Pandey, S. (2019). An assessment of digital capability training programs among higher education institutions in India. Library Philosophy and Practice, 1-23
Montgomery, C. (2016). Transnational partnerships in higher education in China: the diversity and complexity of elite strategic alliances. London Review of Education, 14(1), 70-85.
Nawaz, M., & Amin, H. (2016). Availability of Technological Resources and Techniques in Educational System (A Study Conduct in Punjab, Pakistan). International Journal of Latest Research in Humanities and Social Science (IJLRHSS), 1(5), 43- 48.
Pierce, P. (2013). Using Alliances to Increase ICT Capabilities. The Institute of Economic Research Informatics.
Ricardo-Barreto, C. T& et al, (2020). Trends in using ICT resources by professors in HEIs (higher education institutions). Journal of Information Technology Education: Research, 19, 395- 425.
Rodríguez-Abitia, G., & Bribiesca-Correa, G. (2021). Assessing digital transformation in universities. Future Internet, 13(2),52.
Sampaio, J. V. F. (2015). The economic value of knowledge the case of University of Porto partnerships [Unpublished master's thesis]. Universidade do Porto.
Saputra, N., & et al, (2022). Strategic role of digital capability on business agility during COVID-19 era. Procedia Computer Science, 197, 326 -335.
Suherlan, H. (2017). Strategic alliances in institutions of higher education: a case study of Bandung and Bali Institutes of Tourism in Indonesia. International Journal of Tourism Cities, 3(2), 158-183.
Vukasovic, M., & Stensaker, B. (2018). University alliances in the Europe of knowledge: Positions, agendas and practices in policy processes. European Educational Research Journal, 17(3), 349-364.
Vukasovic, M., & Stensaker, B. (2018). University alliances in the Europe of knowledge: Positions, agendas and practices in policy processes. European Educational Research Journal, 17(3), 349-364.
Williams, J. (2017). Collaboration, Alliance, and Merger among Higher Education Institutions [OECD Education Working Paper No. 160]. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.