Bushra A. (2012). The Role of Social Media in Change, Available at
2. The Arabic Republic of Egypt (2014). The Constitution of 2014, The Official Gazette, Issue (36) bis (A), General Authority for the Affairs of the Emiri Press, Cairo, January 18, 2014.
3. Saad, A .A & Ahmad ,A S. (2009). Intellectual Capital Management in Business Organizations, Al-Yazuri House for Publishing and Distribution, Amman, Jordan.
4. The Voice of the Nation (2017). The Ministry of Education reveals the "teachers first" from March 2016 until May 2017 ... and Tariq Shawky: The program aims to improve performance and confront problems during the new educational system. Available on
Fouad, A A. (1986). Statistical Psychology and Measurement of the Human Mind, 5th Edition, Cairo: Dar Al Fikr Al Arabiciy.
6- Muhammad .A M .A. (2010). The effect of using social software on the competencies of e-learning among the community of practice from members of the teaching staff at King Khalid University, PhD thesis, Umm Al-Qura University.
7 Muhammad ,J K. A. (2014).Learning Strategy through the Community of Virtual Practice, E-Learning Journal, MansouraUniversity - Egypt, p. 13, available at
8- International office of Education (N D). The Professional Practice Community as a Global Network of Curriculum Developers, Geneva.
9. Hashem, F. A. (2014). Study of the relationship between human capital and social capital: a survey research of the opinions of a sample of teaching staff at the University of Kufa, Al-Ghary Journal of Economic and Administrative Sciences - College of Administration and Economics - University of Kufa - Iraq, Issue 31, 168- 193.
Avery, L. M. (2003). Knowledge, Identity, and Teachers' Multi Communities of practice. Ph.D. dissertation, Cornell University, New York, USA. Retrieved from ProQuest Dissertations and Theses database. (UMI No. 3104492)
|
Baker, A. & Beames, S. (2016). Good CoP: What makes a community of practice successful?, Journal of Learning Design, vol. 9 No. 1, pp. 72-79.
|
|
BArabic, S. A., & Duffy, T. M. (2000). From practice fields to communities of practice. In D. H. Jonassen & S. M. Land (Eds.), Theoretical foundations of learning environments (p. 25-55).
Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
|
|
Blankenship, S. S., & Ruona, W. E. (2007). Professional learning communities and communities of practice: A comparison of models, literature review. Indianapolis, IN: Academy of Human Resource Development International Research Conference in The Americas.
|
|
Boyd,, S. (2005). Are You Ready for Social Software?. Retrieved from http://www.citeulike.Org/group/1840/article/l 158667
|
|
Brett, E. B. (2018). Effective Leadership For The Implementation Of The Common Core State Standards: Principal Behaviors That DevelopProfessional Capital To Create Conditions For Positive Change, Doctor Of Education, Loyola University Chicago.
|
|
Buysse, V., Sparkman, K. L. & Wesley, P. W. (2003). Communities of practice: Connecting what we know with what we do. Exceptional Children, 69(3), 263–278.
|
|
Cambridg, D, Kaplan. S. (2005). Step-by-Step Guide for Designing and Cultivating Communities of Practice, Retrieved from net.educause.edu1
|
|
Ciesielka, D. (2008). Using a Wild to Meet Graduate Nursing Education Competencies in Collaboration and Community Health. Journal of Nursing Education, 47(10), 473-476, ProQuest Medical Library. (Document ID: 1567871481).
|
|
Cole, S. E. J. (2017). Rationale And RealityThe Personal And Professional Capital Of Masters Level Study For Teachers, Professional Doctorate, University Of Northumbria At Newcastle.
|
|
Dakhli, M. & Dirk, C. (2004). Human Capital, Social Capital, And Innovation: A Multicountry Study, Entrepreneurship & Regional Development, 16, 107-128.
|
|
Davis, L. (2016). A Phenomenological Case Study That Examines The Process OfDeveloping Professional Capital Among Administrators For The Purpose Of Advancing District-Wide Improvement Initiatives, Doctor Of Educational Leadership, Lamar University.
|
|
Donaldson, S. (2016). Web 2.0 Tools and Communities of Practice: Bridging Gaps in Novice Teacher Training, doctoral dissertation, Walden University.
|
|
Fullan, M. (2016). Amplify Change With Professional Capital, JSD, vol. 31, No. 1, 44-56.
|
|
Fullan, M.& Hargreaves, A. (2015). Professional Capital as Accountability, Multilingual Journal, vol. 23 No. 15, pp 1-22.
|
|
Fullan, M, Hord , S. M.& Frank, V. (2014). Reach the highest standard in professional learning: Implementation, Thousand Oaks, CA: Corwin.
|
|
Gachter, M, Savage, D.& Torgler, B. (2011). The relationship between stress, strain and social capital, Policing: An International Journal of Police Strategies & Management, vol. 34, pp. 515-540.
|
|
Gorissen, P.(2006). Social Software in Het Onderwijs, Retrieved from http://www.gorissen.info/Pierre/files/socialsoftwarev2p0.pdf.
|
|
Hargreaves, A.& Fullan, M. (2013). The Power Of Professional Capital With An Investment In Collaboration, Teachers Become Nation Builders, JSD, vol. 34, No. 3, pp. 36-39.
|
|
Hargreaves, A.& M. Fullan (2012) . Professional capital: Transforming teaching in every school. Teachers College Press.
|
|
Hargreaves, A.& Shirley, D. (2012). The Global Fourth Way: The Quest for Educational Excellence, Corwin, Thousand Oaks, CA.
|
|
Hearn, S. & White , N. (2009). Communities of practice: linking knowledge, policy and practice, The Overseas Development InstituTE, UK.
|
|
Herbert , C. L.(2018). Growing professional capital through Lesson Study, Doctor of Education, University of Cambrigde.
|
|
Ikoma, S. (2016). Individual Excellence Versus Collaborative Culture: A Cross-National Analysis Of Professional Capital In The U.S., Finland, Japan, And Singapore, Doctor Of Philosophy, The Pennsylvania State University.
|
|
Jones, T. & Taylor, S.(2012). Service loyalty: accounting for social capital, Journal of Services Marketing, vol. 26, p. 60-75.
|
|
Kiptot, E. & Franzel, S. (0204). Voluntarism as an investment in human, social and financial capital: evidence from a farmer-to-farmer extension program in Kenya, Agric Hum Values, 31, 231- 243.
|
Kloos, M. (2006). Communities of Prac.tice 2.0: How Blogs, Wikis, and Social Bookmarking Offer Facilities that Support Learning in Practice in Communities of Practice, Master‟s Thesis, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam. Retrieved from: http://www.martinkloos.nl/thesis-M.Kloos.pdf.
|
|
Kong, S. (2018). Community of Practice: An Effective Way to ESL Teacher Professional Development in Vocational Colleges, English Language Teaching, vol. 11, No. 7, pp. 158-162.
|
|
Leana, C. R. (2011): The missing link in school reform. Retrieved from Stanford Social Innovation.
|
Manuel, J, Angel, N. & Felix, A. (2011). Social integration and post-adoption usage of Social Network Sites An analysis of effects on learning performance. Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences, 15, 256–262. from www.sciencedirect.com1
|
|
Miller, R. (2007). Communities of Practice: The Utility of Web-Based Communication Tools in Assisting New, Adult, Online Learners' Transition to Formal Distance
|
|
Moen, P. J. (2016). Teachers’ Perspectives on a Virtual Community of Practice Professional Development Model, PhD, Northcentral University.
|
|
Myers, S. E. (2017). Virtual Communities Of Practice: A Study Of Capacity-Building Professional Learning For Teachers, Doctor Of Education, University Of Kansas.
|
|
Nahapiet, J. & Ghoshal, S. (1998). Social capital, intellectual capital and the organizational advantage, Academy of Management Review, vol. 23, No. 2, pp. 242-266.
|
|
Newberry, M., Gallant, A.& Riley, P. (2013). "Afterword: The Teaching Fantasia" In Emotion and School: Understanding how the Hidden Curriculum Influences Relationships, Leadership, Teaching, and Learning, p. 271-277, Bingley, UK: Emerald.
|
|
Odden, A. R. & J. A. Kelly (2008). Strategic management of human capital in public education. Wisconsin. Retrieved from:
|
|
Pidzamecky, U. (2017). Investigating The Role Of Informal Online Cops In Professional Learning: The Experience Of Second/Foreign Language Teachers, Master Of Arts In Education, University Of Ontario Institute Of Technology.
|
|
Pil, F. K.& Leana, C. R. (2009). Applying organizational research to public schoolreform: The effects of teacher human and social capital on student performance, Academy of Management Journal, 52, p. 1101-1124 .
|
|
Pyrko, I. (2014). Thinking Together: Making Communities of Practice Work, PhD, University of Strathclyde.
|
|
Rarcheva, D . (2006). A virtual teacher community to facilitate professional development, paper presented to: ISSEP 2006: Informatic Education : the bridge between using and understanding computer, 7-11 Novmber, Vilnuis, Lituania.
|
|
Reasoner, C. R. (2017). Elementary Teachers’ Participation In Edmodo As A Community Of Practice: A Phenomenology, Doctor Of Education, Liberty University .
|
|
Sahlberg, P. (2011). The professional capital, Lessons from Finland, American Educator, summer 2011, p. 34-38.
|
|
Scanlan, M. (2013). A learning architecture: How school leaders can design for learning social justice, Educational Administration Quarterly, 49(2), 348-391.
|
|
Schmoker, M. (2006). Results now: How we can achieve unprecedented improvements in teaching and learning, Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development.
|
|
Scurr, A. C. G. (2017). Teacher Learning in Online Communities of Practice, Doctorate of Education, Grand Canyon University.
|
|
Senge, P.(1990).The Fifth Discipline:The art and practice of the learning organization, London: Random House.
Shirley, D. (2016): Three forms of professional capital: systemic, social movement, and activist", Journal of Professional Capital and Community, vol. 1 Issue: 4, p.302-320,.
|
: مجلة علمية محکمة للبحوث التربوية والنفسية والاجتماعية)', './data/jsrep/coversheet/cover_ar.jpg'))
مشاهدة على SCiNiTO