The Effectiveness of a Training Program Based on Features of Connected Speech in an Adaptive Learning Environment in Listening Skills among EFL Majors

نوع المستند : المقالة الأصلية

المؤلفون

Curriculum and Instruction (TEFL), Faculty of Education for Boy (Cairo), Al-Azhar University.

المستخلص

هدفت الدراسة الحالية إلى التعرف على فاعلية برنامج تدريبي قائم على خصائص الكلام المتصل في بيئة تعلم تكيفية في مهارات الاستماع لدى طلاب شعبة اللغة الإنجليزية كلغة أجنبية. لتحقيق الغرض من الدراسة، تبنى الباحث التصميم التجريبي لمجموعتين مستقلتين أحدهما تجريبية والأخرى ضابطة. تم اختيار وتوزيع 66 طالبا بشعبة اللغة الإنجليزية، كلية التربية بنين بالقاهرة، جامعة الأزهر، بطريقة عشوائية على مجموعتين تجريبية وعددها (33) و ضابطة وعددها (33)؛ حيث تلقت الأولى المعالجة التجريبية بينما لم تتلقى الأخيرة أية معالجات. وقد قام الباحث بإعداد قائمة بمهارات الاستماع اللازمة لدى عينة الدراسة، وإختبار استماع تم تطبيقه قبليا وبعديا بعد الـتحقق من صدقه وثباته. كما تم إعداد مادة المعالجة التجريبية، وتتمثل في بيئة تعلم تكيفية والتي بنيت على أساس مستوى الكفاءة اللغوية، مبتدئ، ومتوسط، ومتقدم، وذلك على مرحلتين: تضمنت المرحلة الأولى تصميم البرنامج التدريبي والذي احتوى على عشرة خصائص للكلام المتصل، بينما تضمنت المرحلة الثانية تصميم ثلاثة سيناريوهات، واحدا لكل مستوى من المستويات، وذلك بغرض المعالجة الرقمية للمحتوى. وقد أسفرت نتائج اختبار (t) لعينتين مستقلتين عن تفوق طلاب المجموعة التجريبية بمتوسط (24.39) على طلاب المجموعة الضابطة بمتوسط (13:60). كما أظهرت نتائج Eta (h2)  حجم أثر كبير (.560) في مهارات الاستماع لدى طلاب المجموعة التجريبية، الأمر الذي يشير إلى فاعلية المعالجة التجريبية للدراسة الحالية في تنمية مهارات الاستماع لدى طلاب شعبة اللغة الإنجليزية كلغة أجنبية، وأنه يمكن اعزاء 56% من حجم أثر المعالجة إلى البرناج المقدم. وخلصت الدراسة إلى بعض التوصيات والمقترحات، والتي تتمثل في استخدام بيئات التعلم التكيفية في تدريس خصائص الكلام المتصل لتنمية مهارات الاستماع لدى طلاب شعبة اللغة الإنجليزية كلغة أجنبية؛ حيث إنها تستجيب لخصائص الجيل الرقمي "Gen Z"، وتوفر بيئة تعلم فردية لكل متعلم بما يتناسب مع خصائصه ويلبي حاجاته ويعزز نموه وتقدمه، بالإضافة إلى تصميم بيئات تعلم تكيفية بناءا على مزيد من المتغيرات، بحيث تحتوي على مزيد من خصائص الكلام المتصل مستهدفة مشاركون أخرون.        

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