الذکاء الانفعالي کمتغير وسيط في علاقة الذکاء الثقافي بالحنين إلى الوطن والتوافق عبر الثقافي لدى الطلاب الوافديـن دراسة تنبؤية مقارنة

نوع المستند : بحوث فی مجال علم النفس والصحة النفسیة

المؤلف

مـدرس الصحـة النفسيـة کليـة التربيــة جامعة الأزهر

المستخلص

هدفت الدراسة إلى استکشاف العلاقة بين الذکاء الثقافي والتوافق عبر الثقافي والحنين إلى الوطن وبيان الأثر الوسيط للذکاء الانفعالي في العلاقة بين الذکاء الثقافي والتوافق عبر الثقافي والحنين إلى الوطن.کما استکشفت مدى إمکانية التنبؤ بالتوافق عبر الثقافي الحنين إلى الوطن من خلال متغيرات الذکاء الثقافي والذکاء الانفعالي وکذلک مدى إمکانية التنبؤ بالحنين إلى الوطن والتوافق عبر الثقافي من خلال أبعاد الذکاء الثقافي.کما اهتمت الدراسة بالتعرف على الفروق بين الطلاب الوافدين في الذکاء الثقافي طبقاً للثقافة التي ينتمي إليها الوافد. کما حاولت التعرف على أثر الفروق في مستوى الذکاء الثقافي على مستوى الحنين إلى الوطن والتوافق عبر الثقافي.تکونت عينة الدراسة الاستطلاعية من 350 مفحوصاً ومفحوصة من طلاب الجامعة (70من الإناث، 280 من الذکور) للتحقق من صلاحية أدوات الدراسة والخصائص السيکومترية للأدوات.بينما تکونت العينة النهائية من)171 من بينهم 62 من الأفارقة ،59 من جنوب شرق آسيا، 50 من الروس) وقد تراوحت أعمار أفراد العينة بين 20 عاماً إلى 35عاماً بمتوسط قدره 23 عاماً.واعتمد الباحث على مجموعة من الأدوات المناسبة لقياس متغيرات الدراسة بعد تعريبها وحساب خصائصها السيکومترية للتأکد من صلاحيتها للاستخدام وهى مقياس الذکاء الثقافي ، مقياس الحنين إلى الوطن، ومقياس التوافق عبر الثقافي إلى جانب مقياس الذکاء الانفعالي. وأظهرت نتائج الدراسة وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية بين متوسطات مجموعات الدراسة الثلاث في أبعاد مقياس الذکاء الثقافي والذکاء الانفعالي والحنين إلى الوطن والتوافق عبر الثقافي والدرجة الکلية. کما أوضحت النتائج يوجد فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية بين مرتفعي ومتوسطي ومنخفضي الذکاء الثقافي في التوافق النفسي والتوافق عبر الثقافي لدى الطلاب الوافدين. وأشارت النتائج إلى ضعف الدور الوسيط الذي يلعبه الذکاء الانفعالي في العلاقة بين الذکاء الثقافي والحنين إلى الوطن والتوافق عبر الثقافي حيث بقيت جميع معاملات الارتباط دالة إحصائيا حتى بعد ضبط متغير الذکاء الانفعالي. کما استبعدت معادلة الانحدار المتعدد المتدرج الذکاء الانفعالي وأبقت على الذکاء الثقافي بمفرده کمنبأ بالحنين إلى الوطن والتوافق عبر الثقافي لدى الطلاب الوافدين. کما أظهرت نتائج الدراسة أن جميع أبعاد الذکاء الثقافي تنبأ بالحنين إلى الوطن وأقوى هذه الأبعاد هو الذکاء الثقافي السلوکي بينما أوضحت النتائج أن الذکاء الثقافي الدافعي هو أقوى المنبئات بالتوافق عبر الثقافي بينما استبعدت معادلة الانحدار المتعدد باقي أبعاد الذکاء الثقافي.وقدمت الدراسة مجموعة من التوصيات والمقترحات أهمها ضرورة إعداد برامج لتنمية الذکاء الثقافي لدى الطلاب الوافدين للحد من مشکلات التوافق النفسي والتوافق عبر الثقافي لديهم.
Abstract:
The purpose of the present study was to examine the effects of cultural intelligence (CQ)and the moderating role of emotional intelligence (EI) on an individual’s adjustment (homesickness and cross cultural adjustment) in a different cultural environment. The study tried also to examine the prediction of homesickness and cross cultural adjustment among overseas students through both cultural and emotional intelligence. The study examined also the differences between three groups of students from three different cultures. The sample consisted of 350 students from three different cultures. Three instruments were translated and validated on the sample; cultural intelligence scale, homesickness scale, and cross cultural scale. The data were analyzed using hierarchical regression to test theeffect of CQ on homesickness and cross-cultural adjustment, and the moderating effect of EI on the relationshipbetween CQ homesickness and cross-cultural adjustment. Results were analyzed and discussed in the light of previous studies and the psychological literature. Recommendations and suggestion for future study were presented.

الكلمات الرئيسية

الموضوعات الرئيسية


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